(a) The provisions of this subpart apply to pumps, compressors, agitators, pressure relief devices, sampling connection systems, open-ended valves or lines, valves, connectors, surge control vessels, bottoms receivers, instrumentation systems, and control devices or closed vent systems required by this subpart that are intended to operate in organic hazardous air pollutant service 300 hours or more during the calendar year within a source subject to the provisions of a specific subpart in 40 CFR part 63 that references this subpart.

(b) After the compliance date for a process unit, equipment to which this subpart applies that are also subject to the provisions of:

(1) 40 CFR part 60 will be required to comply only with the provisions of this subpart.

(2) 40 CFR part 61 will be required to comply only with the provisions of this subpart.

(c) If a process unit subject to the provisions of this subpart has equipment to which this subpart does not apply, but which is subject to a standard identified in paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), or (c)(3) of this section, the owner or operator may elect to apply this subpart to all such equipment in the process unit. If the owner or operator elects this method of compliance, all VOC in such equipment shall be considered, for purposes of applicability and compliance with this subpart, as if it were organic hazardous air pollutant (HAP). Compliance with the provisions of this subpart, in the manner described in this paragraph, shall be deemed to constitute compliance with the standard identified in paragraph (c)(1), (c)(2), or (c)(3) of this section.

(1) 40 CFR part 60, subpart VV, GGG, or KKK; (2) 40 CFR part 61, subpart F or J; or (3) 40 CFR part 264, subpart BB or 40 CFR part 265, subpart BB.

(2) [Reserved]

(d) The provisions in § 63.1(a)(3) of subpart A of this part do not alter the provisions in paragraph (b) of this section.

(e) Except as provided in any subpart that references this subpart, lines and equipment not containing process fluids are not subject to the provisions of this subpart. Utilities, and other non-process lines, such as heating and cooling systems which do not combine their materials with those in the processes they serve, are not considered to be part of a process unit.

(f) The provisions of this subpart do not apply to research and development facilities or to bench-scale batch processes, regardless of whether the facilities or processes are located at the same plant site as a process subject to the provisions of this subpart.

(g) Alternative means of compliance—(1) Option to comply with part 65. Owners or operators of CMPU that are subject to § 63.100 may choose to comply with the provisions of 40 CFR part 65 for all Group 1 and Group 2 process vents, Group 1 storage vessels, Group 1 transfer operations, and equipment that are subject to § 63.100, that are part of the CMPU. Other provisions applying to an owner or operator who chooses to comply with 40 CFR part 65 are provided in 40 CFR 65.1.

(i) For equipment, 40 CFR part 65 satisfies the requirements of §§ 63.102, 63.103, and 63.162 through 63.182. When choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, the requirements of § 63.180(d) continue to apply.

(ii) For Group 1 and Group 2 process vents, Group 1 storage vessels, and Group 1 transfer operations, comply with § 63.110(i)(1).

(2) Part 65, subpart C or F. For owners or operators choosing to comply with 40 CFR part 65, each surge control vessel and bottoms receiver subject to § 63.100 that meets the conditions specified in table 2 or table 3 of this subpart shall meet the requirements for storage vessels in 40 CFR part 65, subpart C; all other equipment subject to § 63.100 shall meet the requirements in 40 CFR part 65, subpart F.

(3) Part 63, subpart A. Owners or operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C or F, for equipment subject to § 63.100 must also comply with the applicable general provisions of this part 63 listed in table 4 of this subpart. All sections and paragraphs of subpart A of this part that are not mentioned in table 4 of this subpart do not apply to owners or operators of equipment subject to § 63.100 of subpart F complying with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C or F, except that provisions required to be met prior to implementing 40 CFR part 65 still apply. Owners and operators who choose to comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart C or F, must comply with 40 CFR part 65, subpart A.

All terms used in this subpart shall have the meaning given them in the Act and in this section as follows, except as provided in any subpart that references this subpart.

Batch process means a process in which the equipment is fed intermittently or discontinuously. Processing then occurs in this equipment after which the equipment is generally emptied. Examples of industries that use batch processes include pharmaceutical production and pesticide production.

Batch product-process equipment train means the collection of equipment (e.g., connectors, reactors, valves, pumps, etc.) configured to produce a specific product or intermediate by a batch process.

Bench-scale batch process means a batch process (other than a research and development facility) that is operated on a small scale, such as one capable of being located on a laboratory bench top. This bench-scale equipment will typically include reagent feed vessels, a small reactor and associated product separator, recovery and holding equipment. These processes are only capable of producing small quantities of product.

Bottoms receiver means a tank that collects distillation bottoms before the stream is sent for storage or for further downstream processing.

Closed-loop system means an enclosed system that returns process fluid to the process and is not vented to the atmosphere except through a closed-vent system.

Closed-purge system means a system or combination of system and portable containers, to capture purged liquids. Containers must be covered or closed when not being filled or emptied.

Closed-vent system means a system that is not open to the atmosphere and that is composed of hard-piping, ductwork, connections and, if necessary, flow-inducing devices that transport gas or vapor from a piece or pieces of equipment to a control device or back into a process.

Combustion device means an individual unit of equipment, such as a flare, incinerator, process heater, or boiler, used for the combustion of organic hazardous air pollutant emissions.

Compliance date means the dates specified in § 63.100(k) or § 63.100(l)(3) of subpart F of this part for process units subject to subpart F of this part; the dates specified in § 63.190(e) of subpart I of this part for process units subject to subpart I of this part. For sources subject to other subparts in 40 CFR part 63 that reference this subpart, compliance date will be defined in those subparts. However, the compliance date for § 63.170 shall be no later than 3 years after the effective date of those subparts unless otherwise specified in such other subparts.

Connector means flanged, screwed, or other joined fittings used to connect two pipe lines or a pipe line and a piece of equipment. A common connector is a flange. Joined fittings welded completely around the circumference of the interface are not considered connectors for the purpose of this regulation. For the purpose of reporting and recordkeeping, connector means joined fittings that are not inaccessible, glass, or glass-lined as described in § 63.174(h) of this subpart.

Control device means any equipment used for recovering, recapturing, or oxidizing organic hazardous air pollutant vapors. Such equipment includes, but is not limited to, absorbers, carbon adsorbers, condensers, flares, boilers, and process heaters.

Double block and bleed system means two block valves connected in series with a bleed valve or line that can vent the line between the two block valves.

Duct work means a conveyance system such as those commonly used for heating and ventilation systems. It is often made of sheet metal and often has sections connected by screws or crimping. Hard-piping is not ductwork.

Equipment means each pump, compressor, agitator, pressure relief device, sampling connection system, open-ended valve or line, valve, connector, surge control vessel, bottoms receiver, and instrumentation system in organic hazardous air pollutant service; and any control devices or systems required by this subpart.

First attempt at repair means to take action for the purpose of stopping or reducing leakage of organic material to the atmosphere, followed by monitoring as specified in § 63.180 (b) and (c), as appropriate, to verify whether the leak is repaired, unless the owner or operator determines by other means that the leak is not repaired.

Flow indicator means a device which indicates whether gas flow is, or whether the valve position would allow gas flow to be, present in a line.

Fuel gas means gases that are combusted to derive useful work or heat.

Fuel gas system means the offsite and onsite piping and control system that gathers gaseous stream(s) generated by onsite operations, may blend them with other sources of gas, and transports the gaseous stream for use as fuel gas in combustion devices or in in-process combustion equipment such as furnaces and gas turbines, either singly or in combination.

Hard-piping means pipe or tubing that is manufactured and properly installed using good engineering judgement and standards, such as ANSI B31-3.

In food/medical service means that a piece of equipment in organic hazardous air pollutant service contacts a process stream used to manufacture a Food and Drug Administration regulated product where leakage of a barrier fluid into the process stream would cause any of the following:

(1) A dilution of product quality so that the product would not meet written specifications,

(2) An exothermic reaction which is a safety hazard,

(3) The intended reaction to be slowed down or stopped, or

(4) An undesired side reaction to occur.

In gas/vapor service means that a piece of equipment in organic hazardous air pollutant service contains a gas or vapor at operating conditions.

In heavy liquid service means that a piece of equipment in organic hazardous air pollutant service is not in gas/vapor service or in light liquid service.

In light liquid service means that a piece of equipment in organic hazardous air pollutant service contains a liquid that meets the following conditions:

(1) The vapor pressure of one or more of the organic compounds is greater than 0.3 kilopascals at 20 °C,

(2) The total concentration of the pure organic compounds constituents having a vapor pressure greater than 0.3 kilopascals at 20 °C is equal to or greater than 20 percent by weight of the total process stream, and

(3) The fluid is a liquid at operating conditions.

In liquid service means that a piece of equipment in organic hazardous air pollutant service is not in gas/vapor service.

In organic hazardous air pollutant or in organic HAP service means that a piece of equipment either contains or contacts a fluid (liquid or gas) that is at least 5 percent by weight of total organic HAP's as determined according to the provisions of § 63.180(d) of this subpart. The provisions of § 63.180(d) of this subpart also specify how to determine that a piece of equipment is not in organic HAP service.

In vacuum service means that equipment is operating at an internal pressure which is at least 5 kilopascals below ambient pressure.

In volatile organic compound or in VOC service means, for the purposes of this subpart, that:

(1) The piece of equipment contains or contacts a process fluid that is at least 10 percent VOC by weight (see 40 CFR 60.2 for the definition of VOC, and 40 CFR 60.485(d) to determine whether a piece of equipment is not in VOC service); and

(2) The piece of equipment is not in heavy liquid service as defined in 40 CFR 60.481.

In-situ sampling systems means nonextractive samplers or in-line samplers.

Initial start-up means the first time a new or reconstructed source begins production. Initial start-up does not include operation solely for testing equipment. Initial start-up does not include subsequent start-ups (as defined in this section) of process units following malfunctions or process unit shutdowns.

Instrumentation system means a group of equipment components used to condition and convey a sample of the process fluid to analyzers and instruments for the purpose of determining process operating conditions (e.g., composition, pressure, flow, etc.). Valves and connectors are the predominant type of equipment used in instrumentation systems; however, other types of equipment may also be included in these systems. Only valves nominally 0.5 inches and smaller, and connectors nominally 0.75 inches and smaller in diameter are considered instrumentation systems for the purposes of this subpart. Valves greater than nominally 0.5 inches and connectors greater than nominally 0.75 inches associated with instrumentation systems are not considered part of instrumentation systems and must be monitored individually.

Liquids dripping means any visible leakage from the seal including dripping, spraying, misting, clouding, and ice formation. Indications of liquid dripping include puddling or new stains that are indicative of an existing evaporated drip.

Nonrepairable means that it is technically infeasible to repair a piece of equipment from which a leak has been detected without a process unit shutdown.

On-site or On site means, with respect to records required to be maintained by this subpart, that the records are stored at a location within a major source which encompasses the affected source. On-site includes, but is not limited to, storage at the chemical manufacturing process unit to which the records pertain, or storage in central files elsewhere at the major source.

Open-ended valve or line means any valve, except pressure relief valves, having one side of the valve seat in contact with process fluid and one side open to atmosphere, either directly or through open piping.

Plant site means all contiguous or adjoining property that is under common control, including properties that are separated only by a road or other public right-of-way. Common control includes properties that are owned, leased, or operated by the same entity, parent entity, subsidiary, or any combination thereof.

Polymerizing monomer means a molecule or compound usually containing carbon and of relatively low molecular weight and simple structure (e.g., hydrogen cyanide, acrylonitrile, styrene), which is capable of conversion to polymers, synthetic resins, or elastomers by combination with itself due to heat generation caused by a pump mechanical seal surface, contamination by a seal fluid (e.g., organic peroxides or chemicals that will form organic peroxides), or a combination of both with the resultant polymer buildup causing rapid mechanical seal failure.

Pressure release means the emission of materials resulting from the system pressure being greater than the set pressure of the pressure relief device. This release can be one release or a series of releases over a short time period due to a malfunction in the process.

Pressure relief device or valve means a safety device used to prevent operating pressures from exceeding the maximum allowable working pressure of the process equipment. A common pressure relief device is a spring-loaded pressure relief valve. Devices that are actuated either by a pressure of less than or equal to 2.5 psig or by a vacuum are not pressure relief devices.

Process unit means a chemical manufacturing process unit as defined in subpart F of this part, a process subject to the provisions of subpart I of this part, or a process subject to another subpart in 40 CFR part 63 that references this subpart.

Process unit shutdown means a work practice or operational procedure that stops production from a process unit or part of a process unit during which it is technically feasible to clear process material from a process unit or part of a process unit consistent with safety constraints and during which repairs can be effected. An unscheduled work practice or operational procedure that stops production from a process unit or part of a process unit for less than 24 hours is not a process unit shutdown. An unscheduled work practice or operational procedure that would stop production from a process unit or part of a process unit for a shorter period of time than would be required to clear the process unit or part of the process unit of materials and start up the unit, and would result in greater emissions than delay of repair of leaking components until the next scheduled process unit shutdown, is not a process unit shutdown. The use of spare equipment and technically feasible bypassing of equipment without stopping production are not process unit shutdowns.

Recapture device means an individual unit of equipment capable of and used for the purpose of recovering chemicals, but not normally for use, reuse, or sale. Recapture devices include, but are not limited to, absorbers, carbon absorbers, and condensers.

Recovery device means an individual unit of equipment capable of and normally used for the purpose of recovering chemicals for fuel value (i.e., net positive heating value), use, reuse, or for sale for fuel value, use or reuse. Recovery devices include, but are not limited to, absorbers, carbon absorbers, and condensers. For purposes of the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements of this subpart, recapture devices are considered recovery devices.

Repaired means that equipment:

(1) Is adjusted, or otherwise altered, to eliminate a leak as defined in the applicable sections of this subpart, and

(2) Unless otherwise specified in applicable provisions of this subpart, is monitored as specified in § 63.180 (b) and (c), as appropriate, to verify that emissions from the equipment are below the applicable leak definition.

Routed to a process or route to a process means the emissions are conveyed by hard-piping or a closed vent system to any enclosed portion of a process unit where the emissions are predominately recycled and/or consumed in the same manner as a material that fulfills the same function in the process; and/or transformed by chemical reaction into materials that are not organic hazardous air pollutants; and/or incorporated into a product; and/or recovered.

Sampling connection system means an assembly of equipment within a process unit used during periods of representative operation to take samples of the process fluid. Equipment used to take non-routine grab samples is not considered a sampling connection system.

Screwed connector means a threaded pipe fitting where the threads are cut on the pipe wall and the fitting requires only two pieces to make the connection (i.e., the pipe and the fitting).

Sensor means a device that measures a physical quantity or the change in a physical quantity, such as temperature, pressure, flow rate, pH, or liquid level.

Set pressure means the pressure at which a properly operating pressure relief device begins to open to relieve atypical process system operating pressure.

Start-up means the setting in operation of a piece of equipment or a control device that is subject to this subpart.

Surge control vessel means feed drums, recycle drums, and intermediate vessels. Surge control vessels are used within a process unit (as defined in the specific subpart that references this subpart) when in-process storage, mixing, or management of flow rates or volumes is needed to assist in production of a product.

(a) Compliance with this subpart will be determined by review of the records required by § 63.181 of this subpart and the reports required by § 63.182 of this subpart, review of performance test results, and by inspections.

(b)(1) An owner or operator may request a determination of alternative means of emission limitation to the requirements of §§ 63.163 through 63.170, and §§ 63.172 through 63.174 of this subpart as provided in § 63.177.

(2) If the Administrator makes a determination that a means of emission limitation is a permissible alternative to the requirements of §§ 63.163 through 63.170, and §§ 63.172 through 63.174 of this subpart, the owner or operator shall comply with the alternative.

(c) Each piece of equipment in a process unit to which this subpart applies shall be identified such that it can be distinguished readily from equipment that is not subject to this subpart. Identification of the equipment does not require physical tagging of the equipment. For example, the equipment may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, or by designation of process unit boundaries by some form of weatherproof identification.

(d) Equipment that is in vacuum service is excluded from the requirements of this subpart.

(e) Equipment that is in organic HAP service less than 300 hours per calendar year is excluded from the requirements of §§ 63.163 through 63.174 of this subpart and § 63.178 of this subpart if it is identified as required in § 63.181(j) of this subpart.

(f) When each leak is detected as specified in §§ 63.163 and 63.164; §§ 63.168 and 63.169; and §§ 63.172 through 63.174 of this subpart, the following requirements apply:

(1) Clearly identify the leaking equipment.

(2) The identification on a valve may be removed after it has been monitored as specified in §§ 63.168(f)(3), and 63.175(e)(7)(i)(D) of this subpart, and no leak has been detected during the follow-up monitoring. If the owner or operator elects to comply using the provisions of § 63.174(c)(1)(i) of this subpart, the identification on a connector may be removed after it is monitored as specified in § 63.174(c)(1)(i) and no leak is detected during that monitoring.

(3) The identification which has been placed on equipment determined to have a leak, except for a valve or for a connector that is subject to the provisions of § 63.174(c)(1)(i), may be removed after it is repaired.

(g) Except as provided in paragraph (g)(1) of this section, all terms in this subpart that define a period of time for completion of required tasks (e.g., weekly, monthly, quarterly, annual), refer to the standard calendar periods unless specified otherwise in the section or subsection that imposes the requirement.

(1) If the initial compliance date does not coincide with the beginning of the standard calendar period, an owner or operator may elect to utilize a period beginning on the compliance date, or may elect to comply in accordance with the provisions of paragraphs (g)(2) or (g)(3) of this section.

(2) Time periods specified in this subpart for completion of required tasks may be changed by mutual agreement between the owner or operator and the Administrator, as specified in subpart A of this part. For each time period that is changed by agreement, the revised period shall remain in effect until it is changed. A new request is not necessary for each recurring period.

(3) Except as provided in paragraph (g)(1) or (g)(2) of this section, where the period specified for compliance is a standard calendar period, if the initial compliance date does not coincide with the beginning of the calendar period, compliance shall be required according to the schedule specified in paragraphs (g)(3)(i) or (g)(3)(ii) of this section, as appropriate.

(i) Compliance shall be required before the end of the standard calendar period within which the compliance deadline occurs, if there remain at least 3 days for tasks that must be performed weekly, at least 2 weeks for tasks that must be performed monthly, at least 1 month for tasks that must be performed each quarter, or at least 3 months for tasks that must be performed annually; or

(ii) In all other cases, compliance shall be required before the end of the first full standard calendar period after the period within which the initial compliance deadline occurs.

(4) In all instances where a provision of this subpart requires completion of a task during each of multiple successive periods, an owner or operator may perform the required task at any time during each period, provided the task is conducted at a reasonable interval after completion of the task during the previous period.

(h) In all cases where the provisions of this subpart require an owner or operator to repair leaks by a specified time after the leak is detected, it is a violation of this subpart to fail to take action to repair the leaks within the specified time. If action is taken to repair the leaks within the specified time, failure of that action to successfully repair the leak is not a violation of this subpart. However, if the repairs are unsuccessful, a leak is detected and the owner or operator shall take further action as required by applicable provisions of this subpart.

(a) The provisions of this section apply to each pump that is in light liquid service.

(1) The provisions are to be implemented on the dates specified in the specific subpart in 40 Cspan part 63 that references this subpart in the phases specified below:

(i) For each group of existing process units at existing sources subject to the provisions of subparts F or I of this part, the phases of the standard are:

(A) Phase I, beginning on the compliance date;

(B) Phase II, beginning no later than 1 year after the compliance date; and

(C) Phase III, beginning no later than 2 1/2 years after the compliance date.

(ii) For new sources subject to the provisions of subparts F or I of this part, the applicable phases of the standard are:

(A) After initial start-up, comply with the Phase II requirements; and

(B) Beginning no later than 1 year after initial start-up, comply with the Phase III requirements.

(2) The owner or operator of a source subject to the provisions of subparts F or I of this part may elect to meet the requirements of a later phase during the time period specified for an earlier phase.

(3) Sources subject to other subparts in 40 Cspan part 63 that reference this subpart shall comply on the dates specified in the applicable subpart.

(b)(1) The owner or operator of a process unit subject to this subpart shall monitor each pump monthly to detect leaks by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart and shall comply with the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart and paragraphs (e) through (j) of this section.

(2) The instrument reading, as determined by the method as specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart, that defines a leak in each phase of the standard is:

(i) For Phase I, an instrument reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater.

(ii) For Phase II, an instrument reading of 5,000 parts per million or greater.

(iii) For Phase III, an instrument reading of:

(A) 5,000 parts per million or greater for pumps handling polymerizing monomers;

(B) 2,000 parts per million or greater for pumps in food/medical service; and

(C) 1,000 parts per million or greater for all other pumps.

(3) Each pump shall be checked by visual inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal. If there are indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal, a leak is detected.

(c)(1) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in paragraph (c)(3) of this section or § 63.171 of this subpart.

(2) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected. First attempts at repair include, but are not limited to, the following practices where practicable:

(i) Tightening of packing gland nuts.

(ii) Ensuring that the seal flush is operating at design pressure and temperature.

(3) For pumps in Phase III to which a 1,000 parts per million leak definition applies, repair is not required unless an instrument reading of 2,000 parts per million or greater is detected.

(d)(1) The owner or operator shall decide no later than the first monitoring period whether to calculate percent leaking pumps on a process unit basis or on a source-wide basis. Once the owner or operator has decided, all subsequent percent calculations shall be made on the same basis.

(2) If, in Phase III, calculated on a 6-month rolling average, the greater of either 10 percent of the pumps in a process unit or three pumps in a process unit leak, the owner or operator shall implement a quality improvement program for pumps that complies with the requirements of § 63.176 of this subpart.

(3) The number of pumps at a process unit shall be the sum of all the pumps in organic HAP service, except that pumps found leaking in a continuous process unit within 1 month after start-up of the pump shall not count in the percent leaking pumps calculation for that one monitoring period only.

(4) Percent leaking pumps shall be determined by the following equation:

(e) Each pump equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that includes a barrier fluid system is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, provided the following requirements are met:

(1) Each dual mechanical seal system is:

(i) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is at all times greater than the pump stuffing box pressure; or

(ii) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed-vent system to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart; or

(iii) Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier fluid into a process stream.

(2) The barrier fluid is not in light liquid service.

(3) Each barrier fluid system is equipped with a sensor that will detect failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.

(4) Each pump is checked by visual inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal.

(i) If there are indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal at the time of the weekly inspection, the pump shall be monitored as specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart to determine if there is a leak of organic HAP in the barrier fluid.

(ii) If an instrument reading of 1,000 parts per million or greater is measured, a leak is detected.

(5) Each sensor as described in paragraph (e)(3) of this section is observed daily or is equipped with an alarm unless the pump is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site.

(6)(i) The owner or operator determines, based on design considerations and operating experience, criteria applicable to the presence and frequency of drips and to the sensor that indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.

(ii) If indications of liquids dripping from the pump seal exceed the criteria established in paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this section, or if, based on the criteria established in paragraph (e)(6)(i) of this section, the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both, a leak is detected.

(iii) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(iv) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.

(f) Any pump that is designed with no externally actuated shaft penetrating the pump housing is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.

(g) Any pump equipped with a closed-vent system capable of capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals to a process or to a fuel gas system or to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section.

(h) Any pump that is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirement of paragraphs (b)(3) and (e)(4) of this section, and the daily requirements of paragraph (e)(5) of this section, provided that each pump is visually inspected as often as practicable and at least monthly.

(i) If more than 90 percent of the pumps at a process unit meet the criteria in either paragraph (e) or (f) of this section, the process unit is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section.

(j) Any pump that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(7)(i) of this subpart, as an unsafe-to-monitor pump is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator of the pump determines that the pump is unsafe to monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section; and

(2) The owner or operator of the pump has a written plan that requires monitoring of the pump as frequently as practical during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable.

(a) Each compressor shall be equipped with a seal system that includes a barrier fluid system and that prevents leakage of process fluid to the atmosphere, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart and paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section.

(b) Each compressor seal system as required in paragraph (a) of this section shall be:

(1) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is greater than the compressor stuffing box pressure; or

(2) Equipped with a barrier fluid system degassing reservoir that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed-vent system to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart; or

(3) Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier fluid directly into a process stream.

(c) The barrier fluid shall not be in light liquid service.

(d) Each barrier fluid system as described in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section shall be equipped with a sensor that will detect failure of the seal system, barrier fluid system, or both.

(e)(1) Each sensor as required in paragraph (d) of this section shall be observed daily or shall be equipped with an alarm unless the compressor is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site.

(2) The owner or operator shall determine, based on design considerations and operating experience, a criterion that indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.

(f) If the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both based on the criterion determined under paragraph (e)(2) of this section, a leak is detected.

(g)(1) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(2) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.

(h) A compressor is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (g) of this section if it is equipped with a closed-vent system to capture and transport leakage from the compressor drive shaft seal back to a process or a fuel gas system or to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart.

(i) Any compressor that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(2)(ii) of this subpart, to operate with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background, is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (h) of this section if the compressor:

(1) Is demonstrated to be operating with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background, as measured by the method specified in § 63.180(c) of this subpart; and

(2) Is tested for compliance with paragraph (i)(1) of this section initially upon designation, annually, and at other times requested by the Administrator.

(a) Except during pressure releases, each pressure relief device in gas/vapor service shall be operated with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, as measured by the method specified in § 63.180(c) of this subpart.

(b)(1) After each pressure release, the pressure relief device shall be returned to a condition indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background, as soon as practicable, but no later than 5 calendar days after each pressure release, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(2) No later than 5 calendar days after the pressure release and being returned to organic HAP service, the pressure relief device shall be monitored to confirm the condition indicated by an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background, as measured by the method specified in § 63.180(c) of this subpart.

(c) Any pressure relief device that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or equipped with a closed-vent system capable of capturing and transporting leakage from the pressure relief device to a control device as described in § 63.172 of this subpart is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.

(d)(1) Any pressure relief device that is equipped with a rupture disk upstream of the pressure relief device is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, provided the owner or operator complies with the requirements in paragraph (d)(2) of this section.

(2) After each pressure release, a rupture disk shall be installed upstream of the pressure relief device as soon as practicable, but no later than 5 calendar days after each pressure release, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(a) Each sampling connection system shall be equipped with a closed-purge, closed-loop, or closed-vent system, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart. Gases displaced during filling of the sample container are not required to be collected or captured.

(b) Each closed-purge, closed-loop, or closed-vent system as required in paragraph (a) of this section shall:

(1) Return the purged process fluid directly to the process line; or

(2) Collect and recycle the purged process fluid to a process; or

(3) Be designed and operated to capture and transport the purged process fluid to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart; or

(4) Collect, store, and transport the purged process fluid to a system or facility identified in paragraph (b)(4)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section.

(i) A waste management unit as defined in § 63.111 of subpart G of this part, if the waste management unit is subject to, and operated in compliance with the provisions of subpart G of this part applicable to group 1 wastewater streams. If the purged process fluid does not contain any organic HAP listed in Table 9 of subpart G of part 63, the waste management unit need not be subject to, and operated in compliance with the requirements of 40 CFR part 63, subpart G applicable to group 1 wastewater streams provided the facility has an NPDES permit or sends the wastewater to an NPDES permitted facility.

(ii) A treatment, storage, or disposal facility subject to regulation under 40 CFR part 262, 264, 265, or 266; or

(iii) A facility permitted, licensed, or registered by a State to manage municipal or industrial solid waste, if the process fluids are not hazardous waste as defined in 40 CFR part 261.

(c) In-situ sampling systems and sampling systems without purges are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.

(a)(1) Each open-ended valve or line shall be equipped with a cap, blind flange, plug, or a second valve, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart and paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section.

(2) The cap, blind flange, plug, or second valve shall seal the open end at all times except during operations requiring process fluid flow through the open-ended valve or line, or during maintenance or repair.

(b) Each open-ended valve or line equipped with a second valve shall be operated in a manner such that the valve on the process fluid end is closed before the second valve is closed.

(c) When a double block and bleed system is being used, the bleed valve or line may remain open during operations that require venting the line between the block valves but shall comply with paragraph (a) of this section at all other times.

(d) Open-ended valves or lines in an emergency shutdown system which are designed to open automatically in the event of a process upset are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this section.

(e) Open-ended valves or lines containing materials which would autocatalytically polymerize or, would present an explosion, serious overpressure, or other safety hazard if capped or equipped with a double block and bleed system as specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section are exempt from the requirements of paragraph (a) through (c) of this section.

(a) The provisions of this section apply to valves that are either in gas service or in light liquid service.

(1) The provisions are to be implemented on the dates set forth in the specific subpart in 40 Cspan part 63 that references this subpart as specified in paragraph (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii), or (a)(1)(iii) of this section.

(i) For each group of existing process units at existing sources subject to the provisions of subpart F or I of this part, the phases of the standard are:

(A) Phase I, beginning on the compliance date;

(B) Phase II, beginning no later than 1 year after the compliance date; and

(C) Phase III, beginning no later than 2 1/2 years after the compliance date.

(ii) For new sources subject to the provisions of subpart F or I of this part, the applicable phases of the standard are:

(A) After initial start-up, comply with the Phase II requirements; and

(B) Beginning no later than 1 year after initial start-up, comply with the Phase III requirements.

(iii) Sources subject to other subparts in 40 Cspan part 63 that reference this subpart shall comply on the dates specified in the applicable subpart.

(2) The owner or operator of a source subject to this subpart may elect to meet the requirements of a later phase during the time period specified for an earlier phase.

(3) The use of monitoring data generated before April 22, 1994 to qualify for less frequent monitoring is governed by the provisions of § 63.180(b)(6) of this subpart.

(b) The owner or operator of a source subject to this subpart shall monitor all valves, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart and paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section, at the intervals specified in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section and shall comply with all other provisions of this section, except as provided in § 63.171, § 63.177, § 63.178, and § 63.179 of this subpart.

(1) The valves shall be monitored to detect leaks by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart.

(2) The instrument reading that defines a leak in each phase of the standard is:

(i) For Phase I, an instrument reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater.

(ii) For Phase II, an instrument reading of 500 parts per million or greater.

(iii) For Phase III, an instrument reading of 500 parts per million or greater.

(c) In Phases I and II, each valve shall be monitored quarterly.

(d) In Phase III, the owner or operator shall monitor valves for leaks at the intervals specified below:

(1) At process units with 2 percent or greater leaking valves, calculated according to paragraph (e) of this section, the owner or operator shall either:

(i) Monitor each valve once per month; or

(ii) Within the first year after the onset of Phase III, implement a quality improvement program for valves that complies with the requirements of § 63.175 (d) or (e) of this subpart and monitor quarterly.

(2) At process units with less than 2 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator shall monitor each valve once each quarter, except as provided in paragraphs (d)(3) and (d)(4) of this section.

(3) At process units with less than 1 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 2 quarters.

(4) At process units with less than 0.5 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator may elect to monitor each valve once every 4 quarters.

(e)(1) Percent leaking valves at a process unit shall be determined by the following equation:

(2) For use in determining monitoring frequency, as specified in paragraph (d) of this section, the percent leaking valves shall be calculated as a rolling average of two consecutive monitoring periods for monthly, quarterly, or semiannual monitoring programs; and as an average of any three out of four consecutive monitoring periods for annual monitoring programs.

(3)(i) Nonrepairable valves shall be included in the calculation of percent leaking valves the first time the valve is identified as leaking and nonrepairable and as required to comply with paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this section. Otherwise, a number of nonrepairable valves (identified and included in the percent leaking calculation in a previous period) up to a maximum of 1 percent of the total number of valves in organic HAP service at a process unit may be excluded from calculation of percent leaking valves for subsequent monitoring periods.

(ii) If the number of nonrepairable valves exceeds 1 percent of the total number of valves in organic HAP service at a process unit, the number of nonrepairable valves exceeding 1 percent of the total number of valves in organic HAP service shall be included in the calculation of percent leaking valves.

(f)(1) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(2) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.

(3) When a leak has been repaired, the valve shall be monitored at least once within the first 3 months after its repair.

(i) The monitoring shall be conducted as specified in § 63.180 (b) and (c), as appropriate, to determine whether the valve has resumed leaking.

(ii) Periodic monitoring required by paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section may be used to satisfy the requirements of this paragraph (f)(3), if the timing of the monitoring period coincides with the time specified in this paragraph (f)(3). Alternatively, other monitoring may be performed to satisfy the requirements of this paragraph (f)(3), regardless of whether the timing of the monitoring period for periodic monitoring coincides with the time specified in this paragraph (f)(3).

(iii) If a leak is detected by monitoring that is conducted pursuant to paragraph (f)(3) of this section, the owner or operator shall follow the provisions of paragraphs (f)(3)(iii)(A) and (f)(3)(iii)(B) of this section, to determine whether that valve must be counted as a leaking valve for purposes of § 63.168(e) of this subpart.

(A) If the owner or operator elected to use periodic monitoring required by paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (f)(3) of this section, then the valve shall be counted as a leaking valve.

(B) If the owner or operator elected to use other monitoring, prior to the periodic monitoring required by paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (f)(3) of this section, then the valve shall be counted as a leaking valve unless it is repaired and shown by periodic monitoring not to be leaking.

(g) First attempts at repair include, but are not limited to, the following practices where practicable:

(1) Tightening of bonnet bolts,

(2) Replacement of bonnet bolts,

(3) Tightening of packing gland nuts, and

(4) Injection of lubricant into lubricated packing.

(h) Any valve that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(7)(i) of this subpart, as an unsafe-to-monitor valve is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator of the valve determines that the valve is unsafe to monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section; and

(2) The owner or operator of the valve has a written plan that requires monitoring of the valve as frequently as practicable during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable.

(i) Any valve that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(7)(ii) of this subpart, as a difficult-to-monitor valve is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator of the valve determines that the valve cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface or it is not accessible at anytime in a safe manner;

(2) The process unit within which the valve is located is an existing source or the owner or operator designates less than 3 percent of the total number of valves in a new source as difficult-to-monitor; and

(3) The owner or operator of the valve follows a written plan that requires monitoring of the valve at least once per calendar year.

(j) Any equipment located at a plant site with fewer than 250 valves in organic HAP service is exempt from the requirements for monthly monitoring and a quality improvement program specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section. Instead, the owner or operator shall monitor each valve in organic HAP service for leaks once each quarter, or comply with paragraph (d)(3) or (d)(4) of this section except as provided in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this section.

(a) Pumps, valves, connectors, and agitators in heavy liquid service, pressure relief devices in light liquid or heavy liquid service, and instrumentation systems shall be monitored within 5 calendar days by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart if evidence of a potential leak to the atmosphere is found by visual, audible, olfactory, or any other detection method. If such a potential leak is repaired as required in paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section, it is not necessary to monitor the system for leaks by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart.

(b) If an instrument reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater for agitators, 5,000 parts per million or greater for pumps handling polymerizing monomers, 2,000 parts per million or greater for all other pumps (including pumps in food/medical service), or 500 parts per million or greater for valves, connectors, instrumentation systems, and pressure relief devices is measured, a leak is detected.

(c)(1) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(2) The first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.

(3) For equipment identified in paragraph (a) of this section that is not monitored by the method specified in § 63.180(b), repaired shall mean that the visual, audible, olfactory, or other indications of a leak to the atmosphere have been eliminated; that no bubbles are observed at potential leak sites during a leak check using soap solution; or that the system will hold a test pressure.

(d) First attempts at repair include, but are not limited to, the practices described under §§ 63.163(c)(2) and 63.168(g) of this subpart, for pumps and valves, respectively.

Each surge control vessel or bottoms receiver that is not routed back to the process and that meets the conditions specified in table 2 or table 3 of this subpart shall be equipped with a closed-vent system that routes the organic vapors vented from the surge control vessel or bottoms receiver back to the process or to a control device that complies with the requirements in § 63.172 of this subpart, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart, or comply with the requirements of § 63.119(b) or (c) of subpart G of this part.

(a) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected is allowed if repair within 15 days is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown. Repair of this equipment shall occur by the end of the next process unit shutdown.

(b) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected is allowed for equipment that is isolated from the process and that does not remain in organic HAP service.

(c) Delay of repair for valves, connectors, and agitators is also allowed if:

(1) The owner or operator determines that emissions of purged material resulting from immediate repair would be greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair, and

(2) When repair procedures are effected, the purged material is collected and destroyed or recovered in a control device complying with § 63.172 of this subpart.

(d) Delay of repair for pumps is also allowed if:

(1) Repair requires replacing the existing seal design with a new system that the owner or operator has determined under the provisions of § 63.176(d) of this subpart will provide better performance or:

(i) A dual mechanical seal system that meets the requirements of § 63.163(e) of this subpart,

(ii) A pump that meets the requirements of § 63.163(f) of this subpart, or

(iii) A closed-vent system and control device that meets the requirements of § 63.163(g) of this subpart; and

(2) Repair is completed as soon as practicable, but not later than 6 months after the leak was detected.

(e) Delay of repair beyond a process unit shutdown will be allowed for a valve if valve assembly replacement is necessary during the process unit shutdown, valve assembly supplies have been depleted, and valve assembly supplies had been sufficiently stocked before the supplies were depleted. Delay of repair beyond the second process unit shutdown will not be allowed unless the third process unit shutdown occurs sooner than 6 months after the first process unit shutdown.

(a) Owners or operators of closed-vent systems and control devices used to comply with provisions of this subpart shall comply with the provisions of this section, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart.

(b) Recovery or recapture devices (e.g., condensers and absorbers) shall be designed and operated to recover the organic hazardous air pollutant emissions or volatile organic compounds emissions vented to them with an efficiency of 95 percent or greater, or to an exit concentration of 20 parts par million by volume, whichever is less stringent. The 20 parts per million by volume performance standard is not applicable to the provisions of § 63.179.

(c) Enclosed combustion devices shall be designed and operated to reduce the organic hazardous air pollutant emissions or volatile organic compounds emissions vented to them with an efficiency of 95 percent or greater, or to an exit concentration of 20 parts per million by volume, on a dry basis, corrected to 3 percent oxygen, whichever is less stringent, or to provide a minimum residence time of 0.50 seconds at a minimum temperature of 760 °C.

(d) Flares used to comply with this subpart shall comply with the requirements of § 63.11(b) of subpart A of this part.

(e) Owners or operators of control devices that are used to comply with the provisions of this subpart shall monitor these control devices to ensure that they are operated and maintained in conformance with their design.

(f) Except as provided in paragraphs (k) and (l) of this section, each closed-vent system shall be inspected according to the procedures and schedule specified in paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section.

(1) If the closed-vent system is constructed of hard-piping, the owner or operator shall:

(i) Conduct an initial inspection according to the procedures in paragraph (g) of this section, and

(ii) Conduct annual visual inspections for visible, audible, or olfactory indications of leaks.

(2) If the vapor collection system or closed-vent system is constructed of duct work, the owner or operator shall:

(i) Conduct an initial inspection according to the procedures in paragraph (g) of this section, and

(ii) Conduct annual inspections according to the procedures in paragraph (g) of this section.

(g) Each closed-vent system shall be inspected according to the procedures in § 63.180(b) of this subpart.

(h) Leaks, as indicated by an instrument reading greater than 500 parts per million above background or by visual inspections, shall be repaired as soon as practicable, except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section.

(1) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected.

(2) Repair shall be completed no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in paragraph (i) of this section.

(i) Delay of repair of a closed-vent system for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the repair is technically infeasible without a process unit shutdown or if the owner or operator determines that emissions resulting from immediate repair would be greater than the fugitive emissions likely to result from delay of repair. Repair of such equipment shall be complete by the end of the next process unit shutdown.

(j) For each closed-vent system that contains bypass lines that could divert a vent stream away from the control device and to the atmosphere, the owner or operator shall comply with the provisions of either paragraph (j)(1) or (j)(2) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (j)(3) of this section.

(1) Install, set or adjust, maintain, and operate a flow indicator that takes a reading at least once every 15 minutes. Records shall be generated as specified in § 63.118(a)(3) of subpart G of this part. The flow indicator shall be installed at the entrance to any bypass line; or

(2) Secure the bypass line valve in the non-diverting position with a car-seal or a lock-and-key type configuration. A visual inspection of the seal or closure mechanism shall be performed at least once every month to ensure the valve is maintained in the non-diverting position and the vent stream is not diverted through the bypass line.

(3) Equipment such as low leg drains, high point bleeds, analyzer vents, open-ended valves or lines, and pressure relief valves needed for safety purposes are not subject to this paragraph.

(k) Any parts of the closed-vent system that are designated, as described in paragraph 63.181(b)(7)(i), as unsafe to inspect are exempt from the inspection requirements of paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator determines that the equipment is unsafe to inspect because inspecting personnel would be exposed to an imminent or potential danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (f)(1) or (f)(2) of this section; and

(2) The owner or operator has a written plan that requires inspection of the equipment as frequently as practicable during safe-to-inspect times, but not more frequently than annually.

(l) Any parts of the closed-vent system that are designated, as described in § 63.181 (b)(7)(i) of this subpart, as difficult to inspect are exempt from the inspection requirements of paragraphs (f)(1) and (f)(2) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator determines that the equipment cannot be inspected without elevating the inspecting personnel more than 2 meters above a support surface; and

(2) The owner or operator has a written plan that requires inspection of the equipment at least once every 5 years.

(m) Whenever organic HAP emissions are vented to a closed-vent system or control device used to comply with the provisions of this subpart, such system or control device shall be operating.

(n) After the compliance dates specified in § 63.100 of subpart F of this part, the owner or operator of any control device subject to this subpart that is also subject to monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in 40 CFR part 264, subpart BB, or is subject to monitoring and recordkeeping requirements in 40 CFR part 265, subpart BB, may elect to comply either with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements of this subpart, or with the monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting requirements in 40 CFR parts 264 and/or 265, as described in this paragraph, which shall constitute compliance with the monitoring, recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart. The owner or operator shall identify which option has been chosen, in the next periodic report required by § 63.182(d).

(a)(1) Each agitator shall be monitored monthly to detect leaks by the methods specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart.

(2) If an instrument reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater is measured, a leak is detected.

(b)(1) Each agitator shall be checked by visual inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the agitator.

(2) If there are indications of liquids dripping from the agitator, a leak is detected.

(c)(1) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(2) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.

(d) Each agitator equipped with a dual mechanical seal system that includes a barrier fluid system is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, provided the requirements specified in paragraphs (d)(1) through (d)(6) of this section are met:

(1) Each dual mechanical seal system is:

(i) Operated with the barrier fluid at a pressure that is at all times greater than the agitator stuffing box pressure; or

(ii) Equipped with a barrier fluid degassing reservoir that is routed to a process or fuel gas system or connected by a closed-vent system to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart; or

(iii) Equipped with a closed-loop system that purges the barrier fluid into a process stream.

(2) The barrier fluid is not in light liquid organic HAP service.

(3) Each barrier fluid system is equipped with a sensor that will detect failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.

(4) Each agitator is checked by visual inspection each calendar week for indications of liquids dripping from the agitator seal.

(i) If there are indications of liquids dripping from the agitator seal at the time of the weekly inspection, the agitator shall be monitored as specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart to determine the presence of organic HAP in the barrier fluid.

(ii) If an instrument reading of 10,000 parts per million or greater is measured, a leak is detected.

(5) Each sensor as described in paragraph (d)(3) of this section is observed daily or is equipped with an alarm unless the agitator is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site.

(6)(i) The owner or operator determines, based on design considerations and operating experience, criteria applicable to the presence and frequency of drips and to the sensor that indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both.

(ii) If indications of liquids dripping from the agitator seal exceed the criteria established in paragraph (d)(6)(i) of this section, or if, based on the criteria established in paragraph (d)(6)(i) of this section, the sensor indicates failure of the seal system, the barrier fluid system, or both, a leak is detected.

(iii) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart.

(iv) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after each leak is detected.

(e) Any agitator that is designed with no externally actuated shaft penetrating the agitator housing is exempt from paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section.

(f) Any agitator equipped with a closed-vent system capable of capturing and transporting any leakage from the seal or seals to a process or fuel gas system or to a control device that complies with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (c) of the section.

(g) Any agitator that is located within the boundary of an unmanned plant site is exempt from the weekly visual inspection requirement of paragraphs (b)(1) and (d)(4) of this section, and the daily requirements of paragraph (d)(5) of this section, provided that each agitator is visually inspected as often as practical and at least monthly.

(h) Any agitator that is difficult-to-monitor is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator determines that the agitator cannot be monitored without elevating the monitoring personnel more than two meters above a support surface or it is not accessible at anytime in a safe manner;

(2) The process unit within which the agitator is located is an existing source or the owner or operator designates less than three percent of the total number of agitators in a new source as difficult-to-monitor; and

(3) The owner or operator follows a written plan that requires monitoring of the agitator at least once per calendar year.

(i) Any agitator that is obstructed by equipment or piping that prevents access to the agitator by a monitor probe is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section.

(j) Any agitator that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(7)(i) of this subpart, as an unsafe-to-monitor agitator is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator of the agitator determines that the agitator is unsafe to monitor because monitoring personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section; and

(2) The owner or operator of the agitator has a written plan that requires monitoring of the agitator as frequently as practical during safe-to-monitor times, but not more frequently than the periodic monitoring schedule otherwise applicable.

(a) The owner or operator of a process unit subject to this subpart shall monitor all connectors in gas/vapor and light liquid service, except as provided in § 63.162(b) of this subpart, and in paragraphs (f) through (h) of this section, at the intervals specified in paragraph (b) of this section.

(1) The connectors shall be monitored to detect leaks by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart.

(2) If an instrument reading greater than or equal to 500 parts per million is measured, a leak is detected.

(b) The owner or operator shall monitor for leaks at the intervals specified in either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section and in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.

(1) For each group of existing process units within an existing source, by no later than 12 months after the compliance date, the owner or operator shall monitor all connectors, except as provided in paragraphs (f) through (h) of this section.

(2) For new sources, within the first 12 months after initial start-up or by no later than 12 months after the date of promulgation of a specific subpart that references this subpart, whichever is later, the owner or operator shall monitor all connectors, except as provided in paragraphs (f) through (h) of this section.

(3) After conducting the initial survey required in paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section, the owner or operator shall perform all subsequent monitoring of connectors at the frequencies specified in paragraphs (b)(3)(i) through (b)(3)(v) of this section, except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section:

(i) Once per year (i.e., 12-month period), if the percent leaking connectors in the process unit was 0.5 percent or greater during the last required annual or biennial monitoring period.

(ii) Once every 2 years, if the percent leaking connectors was less than 0.5 percent during the last required monitoring period. An owner or operator may comply with this paragraph by monitoring at least 40 percent of the connectors in the first year and the remainder of the connectors in the second year. The percent leaking connectors will be calculated for the total of all monitoring performed during the 2-year period.

(iii) If the owner or operator of a process unit in a biennial leak detection and repair program calculates less than 0.5 percent leaking connectors from the 2-year monitoring period, the owner or operator may monitor the connectors one time every 4 years. An owner or operator may comply with the requirements of this paragraph by monitoring at least 20 percent of the connectors each year until all connectors have been monitored within 4 years.

(iv) If a process unit complying with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section using a 4-year monitoring interval program has greater than or equal to 0.5 percent but less than 1 percent leaking connectors, the owner or operator shall increase the monitoring frequency to one time every 2 years. An owner or operator may comply with the requirements of this paragraph by monitoring at least 40 percent of the connectors in the first year and the remainder of the connectors in the second year. The owner or operator may again elect to use the provisions of paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section when the percent leaking connectors decreases to less than 0.5 percent.

(v) If a process unit complying with requirements of paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section using a 4-year monitoring interval program has 1 percent or greater leaking connectors, the owner or operator shall increase the monitoring frequency to one time per year. The owner or operator may again elect to use the provisions of paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section when the percent leaking connectors decreases to less than 0.5 percent.

(4) The use of monitoring data generated before April 22, 1994 to qualify for less frequent monitoring is governed by the provisions of § 63.180(b)(6).

(c)(1)(i) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section, each connector that has been opened or has otherwise had the seal broken shall be monitored for leaks when it is reconnected or within the first 3 months after being returned to organic hazardous air pollutants service. If the monitoring detects a leak, it shall be repaired according to the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section, unless it is determined to be nonrepairable, in which case it is counted as a nonrepairable connector for the purposes of paragraph (i)(2) of this section.

(ii) As an alternative to the requirements in paragraph (c)(1)(i) of this section, an owner or operator may choose not to monitor connectors that have been opened or otherwise had the seal broken. In this case, the owner or operator may not count nonrepairable connectors for the purposes of paragraph (i)(2) of this section. The owner or operator shall calculate the percent leaking connectors for the monitoring periods described in paragraph (b) of this section, by setting the nonrepairable component, CAN, in the equation in paragraph (i)(2) of this section to zero for all monitoring periods.

(iii) An owner or operator may switch alternatives described in paragraphs (c)(1) (i) and (ii) of this section at the end of the current monitoring period he is in, provided that it is reported as required in § 63.182 of this subpart and begin the new alternative in annual monitoring. The initial monitoring in the new alternative shall be completed no later than 12 months after reporting the switch.

(2) As an alternative to the requirements of paragraph (b)(3) of this section, each screwed connector 2 inches or less in nominal inside diameter installed in a process unit before the dates specified in paragraph (c)(2)(iii) or (c)(2)(iv) of this section may:

(i) Comply with the requirements of § 63.169 of this subpart, and

(ii) Be monitored for leaks within the first 3 months after being returned to organic hazardous air pollutants service after having been opened or otherwise had the seal broken. If that monitoring detects a leak, it shall be repaired according to the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section.

(iii) For sources subject to subparts F and I of this part, the provisions of paragraph (c)(2) of this section apply to screwed connectors installed before December 31, 1992.

(iv) For sources not identified in paragraph (c)(2)(iii) of this section, the provisions of paragraph (c)(2) of this section apply to screwed connectors installed before the date of proposal of the applicable subpart of this part that references this subpart.

(d) When a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section and in § 63.171 of this subpart. A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected.

(e) [Reserved]

(f) Any connector that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(7)(i) of this subpart, as an unsafe-to-monitor connector is exempt from the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator determines that the connector is unsafe to monitor because personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a result of complying with paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section; and

(2) The owner or operator has a written plan that requires monitoring of the connector as frequently as practicable during safe to monitor periods, but not more frequently than the periodic schedule otherwise applicable.

(g) Any connector that is designated, as described in § 63.181(b)(7)(iii) of this subpart, as an unsafe-to-repair connector is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (a), (d), and (e) of this section if:

(1) The owner or operator determines that repair personnel would be exposed to an immediate danger as a consequence of complying with paragraph (d) of this section; and

(2) The connector will be repaired before the end of the next scheduled process unit shutdown.

(h)(1) Any connector that is inaccessible or is ceramic or ceramic-lined (e.g., porcelain, glass, or glass-lined), is exempt from the monitoring requirements of paragraphs (a) and (c) of this section and from the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of § 63.181 and § 63.182 of this subpart. An inaccessible connector is one that is:

(i) Buried;

(ii) Insulated in a manner that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe;

(iii) Obstructed by equipment or piping that prevents access to the connector by a monitor probe;

(iv) Unable to be reached from a wheeled scissor-lift or hydraulic-type scaffold which would allow access to connectors up to 7.6 meters (25 feet) above the ground;

(v) Inaccessible because it would require elevating the monitoring personnel more than 2 meters above a permanent support surface or would require the erection of scaffold; or

(vi) Not able to be accessed at any time in a safe manner to perform monitoring. Unsafe access includes, but is not limited to, the use of a wheeled scissor-lift on unstable or uneven terrain, the use of a motorized man-lift basket in areas where an ignition potential exists, or access would require near proximity to hazards such as electrical lines, or would risk damage to equipment.

(2) If any inaccessible or ceramic or ceramic-lined connector is observed by visual, audible, olfactory, or other means to be leaking, the leak shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but no later than 15 calendar days after the leak is detected, except as provided in § 63.171 of this subpart and paragraph (g) of this section.

(3) A first attempt at repair shall be made no later than 5 calendar days after the leak is detected.

(i) For use in determining the monitoring frequency, as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, the percent leaking connectors shall be calculated as specified in paragraphs (i)(1) and (i)(2) of this section.

(1) For the first monitoring period, use the following equation:

(2) For subsequent monitoring periods, use the following equation:

(j) Optional credit for removed connectors. If an owner or operator eliminates a connector subject to monitoring under paragraph (b) of this section, the owner or operator may receive credit for elimination of the connector, as described in paragraph (i) of this section, provided the requirements in paragraphs (j)(1) through (j)(4) are met.

(1) The connector was welded after the date of proposal of the specific subpart that references this subpart.

(2) The integrity of the weld is demonstrated by monitoring it according to the procedures in § 63.180(b) of this subpart or by testing using X-ray, acoustic monitoring, hydrotesting, or other applicable method.

(3) Welds created after the date of proposal but before the date of promulgation of a specific subpart that references this subpart are monitored or tested by 3 months after the compliance date specified in the applicable subpart.

(4) Welds created after promulgation of the subpart that references this subpart are monitored or tested within 3 months after being welded.

(5) If an inadequate weld is found or the connector is not welded completely around the circumference, the connector is not considered a welded connector and is therefore not exempt from the provisions of this subpart.

(a) In Phase III, an owner or operator may elect to comply with one of the alternative quality improvement programs specified in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. The decision to use one of these alternative provisions to comply with the requirements of § 63.168(d)(1)(ii) of this subpart must be made during the first year of Phase III for existing process units and for new process units.

(b) An owner or operator of a process unit subject to the requirements of paragraph (d) or (e) of this section shall comply with those requirements until the process unit has fewer than 2 percent leaking valves, calculated as a rolling average of 2 consecutive quarters, as specified in § 63.168(e) of this subpart.

(c) After the process unit has fewer than 2 percent leaking valves, the owner or operator may elect to comply with the requirements in § 63.168 of this subpart, to continue to comply with the requirements in paragraph (e) (or (d), if appropriate) of this section, or comply with both the requirements in § 63.168 and § 63.175.

(1) If the owner or operator elects to continue the quality improvement program, the owner or operator is exempt from the requirements for performance trials as specified in paragraph (e)(6) of this section, or further progress as specified in paragraph (d)(4) of this section, as long as the process unit has fewer than 2 percent leaking valves calculated according to § 63.168(e).

(2) If the owner or operator elects to comply with both paragraph (e) of this section and § 63.168 of this subpart, he may also take advantage of the lower monitoring frequencies associated with lower leak rates in § 63.168 (d)(2), (d)(3), and (d)(4) of this subpart.

(3) If the owner or operator elects not to continue the quality improvement program, the program is no longer an option if the process unit again exceeds 2 percent leaking valves, and in such case, monthly monitoring will be required.

(d) The following requirements shall be met if an owner or operator elects to use a quality improvement program to demonstrate further progress:

(1) The owner or operator shall continue to comply with the requirements in § 63.168 of this subpart except each valve shall be monitored quarterly.

(2) The owner or operator shall collect the following data, and maintain records as required in § 63.181(h)(1) of this subpart, for each valve in each process unit subject to the quality improvement program:

(i) The maximum instrument reading observed in each monitoring observation before repair, the response factor for the stream if appropriate, the instrument model number, and date of the observation.

(ii) Whether the valve is in gas or light liquid service.

(iii) If a leak is detected, the repair methods used and the instrument readings after repair.

(3) The owner or operator shall continue to collect data on the valves as long as the process unit remains in the quality improvement program.

(4) The owner or operator must demonstrate progress in reducing the percent leaking valves each quarter the process unit is subject to the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section, except as provided in paragraphs (d)(4)(ii) and (d)(4)(iii) of this section.

(i) Demonstration of progress shall mean that for each quarter there is at least a 10-percent reduction in the percent leaking valves from the percent leaking valves determined for the preceding monitoring period. The percent leaking valves shall be calculated as a rolling average of two consecutive quarters of monitoring data. The percent reduction shall be calculated using the rolling average percent leaking valves, according to the following:

(ii) An owner or operator who fails for two consecutive rolling averages to demonstrate at least a 10-percent reduction per quarter in percent leaking valves, and whose overall average percent reduction based on two or more rolling averages is less than 10 percent per quarter, shall either comply with the requirements in § 63.168(d)(1)(i) of this subpart using monthly monitoring or shall comply using a quality improvement program for technology review as specified in paragraph (e) of this section. If the owner or operator elects to comply with the requirements of paragraph (e) of this section, the schedule for performance trials and valve replacements remains as specified in paragraph (e) of this section.

(iii) As an alternative to the provisions in paragraph (d)(4)(i), an owner or operator may use the procedure specified in paragraphs (d)(4)(iii)(A) and (d)(4)(iii)(B) of this section to demonstrate progress in reducing the percent leaking valves.

(A) The percent reduction that must be achieved each quarter shall be calculated as follows:

(B) The owner or operator shall achieve less than 2 percent leaking valves no later than 2 years after electing to use the demonstration of progress provisions in § 63.175(d) of this subpart.

(e) The following requirements shall be met if an owner or operator elects to use a quality improvement program of technology review and improvement:

(1) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in § 63.168 of this subpart except the requirement for monthly monitoring in § 63.168(d)(1)(i) of this subpart does not apply.

(2) The owner or operator shall collect the data specified below, and maintain records as required in § 63.181(h)(2), for each valve in each process unit subject to the quality improvement program. The data may be collected and the records may be maintained on a process unit or group of process units basis. The data shall include the following:

(i) Valve type (e.g., ball, gate, check); valve manufacturer; valve design (e.g., external stem or actuating mechanism, flanged body); materials of construction; packing material; and year installed.

(ii) Service characteristics of the stream such as operating pressure, temperature, line diameter, and corrosivity.

(iii) Whether the valve is in gas or light liquid service.

(iv) The maximum instrument readings observed in each monitoring observation before repair, response factor for the stream if adjusted, instrument model number, and date of the observation.

(v) If a leak is detected, the repair methods used and the instrument readings after repair.

(vi) If the data will be analyzed as part of a larger analysis program involving data from other plants or other types of process units, a description of any maintenance or quality assurance programs used in the process unit that are intended to improve emission performance.

(3) The owner or operator shall continue to collect data on the valves as long as the process unit remains in the quality improvement program.

(4) The owner or operator shall inspect all valves removed from the process unit due to leaks. The inspection shall determine which parts of the valve have failed and shall include recommendations, as appropriate, for design changes or changes in specifications to reduce leak potential.

(5)(i) The owner or operator shall analyze the data collected to comply with the requirements of paragraph (e)(2) of this section to determine the services, operating or maintenance practices, and valve designs or technologies that have poorer than average emission performance and those that have better than average emission performance. The analysis shall determine if specific trouble areas can be identified on the basis of service, operating conditions or maintenance practices, equipment design, or other process specific factors.

(ii) The analysis shall also be used to identify any superior performing valve technologies that are applicable to the service(s), operating conditions, or valve designs associated with poorer than average emission performance. A superior performing valve technology is one for which a group of such valves has a leak frequency of less than 2 percent for specific applications in such a process unit. A candidate superior performing valve technology is one demonstrated or reported in the available literature or through a group study as having low emission performance and as being capable of achieving less than 2 percent leaking valves in the process unit.

(iii) The analysis shall include consideration of:

(A) The data obtained from the inspections of valves removed from the process unit due to leaks,

(B) Information from the available literature and from the experience of other plant sites that will identify valve designs or technologies and operating conditions associated with low emission performance for specific services, and

(C) Information on limitations on the service conditions for the valve design and operating conditions as well as information on maintenance procedures to ensure continued low emission performance.

(iv) The data analysis may be conducted through an inter- or intra-company program (or through some combination of the two approaches) and may be for a single process unit, a company, or a group of process units.

(v) The first analysis of the data shall be completed no later than 18 months after the start of Phase III. The first analysis shall be performed using a minimum of two quarters of data. An analysis of the data shall be done each year the process unit is in the quality improvement program.

(6) A trial evaluation program shall be conducted at each plant site for which the data analysis does not identify superior performing valve designs or technologies that can be applied to the operating conditions and services identified as having poorer than average performance, except as provided in paragraph (e)(6)(v) of this section. The trial program shall be used to evaluate the feasibility of using in the process unit the valve designs or technologies that have been identified by others as having low emission performance.

(i) The trial program shall include on-line trials of valves or operating and maintenance practices that have been identified in the available literature or in analysis by others as having the ability to perform with leak rates below 2 percent in similar services, as having low probability of failure, or as having no external actuating mechanism in contact with the process fluid. If any of the candidate superior performing valve technologies is not included in the performance trials, the reasons for rejecting specific technologies from consideration shall be documented as required in § 63.181(h)(5)(ii) of this subpart.

(ii) The number of valves in the trial evaluation program shall be the lesser of 1 percent or 20 valves for programs involving single process units and the lesser of 1 percent or 50 valves for programs involving groups of process units.

(iii) The trial evaluation program shall specify and include documentation of:

(A) The candidate superior performing valve designs or technologies to be evaluated, the stages for evaluating the identified candidate valve designs or technologies, including the estimated time period necessary to test the applicability;

(B) The frequency of monitoring or inspection of the equipment;

(C) The range of operating conditions over which the component will be evaluated; and

(D) Conclusions regarding the emission performance and the appropriate operating conditions and services for the trial valves.

(iv) The performance trials shall initially be conducted for, at least, a 6-month period beginning not later than 18 months after the start of Phase III. Not later than 24 months after the start of Phase III, the owner or operator shall have identified valve designs or technologies that, combined with appropriate process, operating, and maintenance practices, operate with low emission performance for specific applications in the process unit. The owner or operator shall continue to conduct performance trials as long as no superior performing design or technology has been identified, except as provided in paragraph (e)(6)(vi) of this section. The compilation of candidate and demonstrated superior emission performance valve designs or technologies shall be amended in the future, as appropriate, as additional information and experience is obtained.

(v) Any plant site with fewer than 400 valves and owned by a corporation with fewer than 100 total employees shall be exempt from trial evaluations of valves. Plant sites exempt from the trial evaluations of valves shall begin the program at the start of the fourth year of Phase III.

(vi) An owner or operator who has conducted performance trials on all candidate superior emission performance technologies suitable for the required applications in the process unit may stop conducting performance trials provided that a superior performing design or technology has been demonstrated or there are no technically feasible candidate superior technologies remaining. The owner or operator shall prepare an engineering evaluation documenting the physical, chemical, or engineering basis for the judgment that the superior emission performance technology is technically infeasible or demonstrating that it would not reduce emissions.

(7) Each owner or operator who elects to use a quality improvement program for technology review and improvement shall prepare and implement a valve quality assurance program that details purchasing specifications and maintenance procedures for all valves in the process unit. The quality assurance program may establish any number of categories, or classes, of valves as needed to distinguish among operating conditions and services associated with poorer than average emission performance as well as those associated with better than average emission performance. The quality assurance program shall be developed considering the findings of the data analysis required under paragraph (e)(5) of this section, if applicable, the findings of the trial evaluation required in paragraph (e)(6) of this section, and the operating conditions in the process unit. The quality assurance program shall be reviewed and, as appropriate, updated each year as long as the process unit has 2 percent or more leaking valves.

(i) The quality assurance program shall:

(A) Establish minimum design standards for each category of valves. The design standards shall specify known critical parameters such as tolerance, manufacturer, materials of construction, previous usage, or other applicable identified critical parameters;

(B) Require that all equipment orders specify the design standard (or minimum tolerances) for the valve;

(C) Include a written procedure for bench testing of valves that specifies performance criteria for acceptance of valves and specifies criteria for the precision and accuracy of the test apparatus. All valves repaired off-line after preparation of the quality assurance plan shall be bench-tested for leaks. This testing may be conducted by the owner or operator of the process unit, by the vendor, or by a designated representative. The owner or operator shall install only those valves that have been documented through bench-testing to be nonleaking.

(D) Require that all valves repaired on-line be monitored using the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart for leaks for 2 successive months, after repair.

(E) Provide for an audit procedure for quality control of purchased equipment to ensure conformance with purchase specifications. The audit program may be conducted by the owner or operator of the process unit or by a designated representative.

(F) Detail off-line valve maintenance and repair procedures. These procedures shall include provisions to ensure that rebuilt or refurbished valves will meet the design specifications for the valve type and will operate such that emissions are minimized.

(ii) The quality assurance program shall be established no later than the start of the third year of Phase III for plant sites with 400 or more valves or owned by a corporation with 100 or more employees; and no later than the start of the fourth year of Phase III for plant sites with less than 400 valves and owned by a corporation with less than 100 employees.

(8) Beginning at the start of the third year of Phase III for plant sites with 400 or more valves or owned by a corporation with 100 or more employees and at the start of the fourth year of Phase III for plant sites with less than 400 valves and owned by a corporation with less than 100 employees, each valve that is replaced for any reason shall be replaced with a new or modified valve that complies with the quality assurance standards for the valve category and that is identified as superior emission performance technology. Superior emission performance technology means valves or valve technologies identified with emission performance that, combined with appropriate process, operating, and maintenance practices, will result in less than 2 percent leaking valves for specific applications in a large population, except as provided in paragraph (e)(8)(ii) of this section.

(i) The valves shall be maintained as specified in the quality assurance program.

(ii) If a superior emission performance technology cannot be identified, then valve replacement shall be with one of (if several) the lowest emission performance technologies that has been identified for the specific application.

(a) In Phase III, if, on a 6-month rolling average, the greater of either 10 percent of the pumps in a process unit (or plant site) or three pumps in a process unit (or plant site) leak, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of this section as specified below:

(1) Pumps that are in food/medical service or in polymerizing monomer service shall comply with all requirements except for those specified in paragraph (d)(8) of this section.

(2) Pumps that are not in food/medical or polymerizing monomer service shall comply with all requirements of this section.

(b) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of this section until the number of leaking pumps is less than the greater of either 10 percent of the pumps or three pumps, calculated as a 6-month rolling average, in the process unit (or plant site). Once the performance level is achieved, the owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in § 63.163 of this subpart.

(c) If in a subsequent monitoring period, the process unit (or plant site) has greater than 10 percent of the pumps leaking or three pumps leaking (calculated as a 6-month rolling average), the owner or operator shall resume the quality improvement program starting at performance trials.

(d) The quality improvement program shall include the following:

(1) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements in § 63.163 of this subpart.

(2) The owner or operator shall collect the following data, and maintain records as required in § 63.181(h)(3), for each pump in each process unit (or plant site) subject to the quality improvement program. The data may be collected and the records may be maintained on a process unit or plant site basis.

(i) Pump type (e.g., piston, horizontal or vertical centrifugal, gear, bellows); pump manufacturer; seal type and manufacturer; pump design (e.g., external shaft, flanged body); materials of construction; if applicable, barrier fluid or packing material; and year installed.

(ii) Service characteristics of the stream such as discharge pressure, temperature, flow rate, corrosivity, and annual operating hours.

(iii) The maximum instrument readings observed in each monitoring observation before repair, response factor for the stream if appropriate, instrument model number, and date of the observation.

(iv) If a leak is detected, the repair methods used and the instrument readings after repair.

(v) If the data will be analyzed as part of a larger analysis program involving data from other plants or other types of process units, a description of any maintenance or quality assurance programs used in the process unit that are intended to improve emission performance.

(3) The owner or operator shall continue to collect data on the pumps as long as the process unit (or plant site) remains in the quality improvement program.

(4) The owner or operator shall inspect all pumps or pump seals which exhibited frequent seal failures and were removed from the process unit due to leaks. The inspection shall determine the probable cause of the pump seal failure or of the pump leak and shall include recommendations, as appropriate, for design changes or changes in specifications to reduce leak potential.

(5)(i) The owner or operator shall analyze the data collected to comply with the requirements of paragraph (d)(2) of this section to determine the services, operating or maintenance practices, and pump or pump seal designs or technologies that have poorer than average emission performance and those that have better than average emission performance. The analysis shall determine if specific trouble areas can be identified on the basis of service, operating conditions or maintenance practices, equipment design, or other process specific factors.

(ii) The analysis shall also be used to determine if there are superior performing pump or pump seal technologies that are applicable to the service(s), operating conditions, or pump or pump seal designs associated with poorer than average emission performance. A superior performing pump or pump seal technology is one with a leak frequency of less than 10 percent for specific applications in the process unit or plant site. A candidate superior performing pump or pump seal technology is one demonstrated or reported in the available literature or through a group study as having low emission performance and as being capable of achieving less than 10 percent leaking pumps in the process unit (or plant site).

(iii) The analysis shall include consideration of:

(A) The data obtained from the inspections of pumps and pump seals removed from the process unit due to leaks;

(B) Information from the available literature and from the experience of other plant sites that will identify pump designs or technologies and operating conditions associated with low emission performance for specific services; and

(C) Information on limitations on the service conditions for the pump seal technology operating conditions as well as information on maintenance procedures to ensure continued low emission performance.

(iv) The data analysis may be conducted through an inter- or intra-company program (or through some combination of the two approaches) and may be for a single process unit, a plant site, a company, or a group of process units.

(v) The first analysis of the data shall be completed no later than 18 months after the start of the quality improvement program. The first analysis shall be performed using a minimum of 6 months of data. An analysis of the data shall be done each year the process unit is in the quality improvement program.

(6) A trial evaluation program shall be conducted at each plant site for which the data analysis does not identify use of superior performing pump seal technology or pumps that can be applied to the areas identified as having poorer than average performance, except as provided in paragraph (d)(6)(v) of this section. The trial program shall be used to evaluate the feasibility of using in the process unit (or plant site) the pump designs or seal technologies, and operating and maintenance practices that have been identified by others as having low emission performance.

(i) The trial program shall include on-line trials of pump seal technologies or pump designs and operating and maintenance practices that have been identified in the available literature or in analysis by others as having the ability to perform with leak rates below 10 percent in similar services, as having low probability of failure, or as having no external actuating mechanism in contact with the process fluid. If any of the candidate superior performing pump seal technologies or pumps is not included in the performance trials, the reasons for rejecting specific technologies from consideration shall be documented as required in § 63.181(h)(5)(ii).

(ii) The number of pump seal technologies or pumps in the trial evaluation program shall be the lesser of 1 percent or two pumps for programs involving single process units and the lesser of 1 percent or five pumps for programs involving a plant site or groups of process units. The minimum number of pumps or pump seal technologies in a trial program shall be one.

(iii) The trial evaluation program shall specify and include documentation of:

(A) The candidate superior performing pump seal designs or technologies to be evaluated, the stages for evaluating the identified candidate pump designs or pump seal technologies, including the time period necessary to test the applicability;

(B) The frequency of monitoring or inspection of the equipment;

(C) The range of operating conditions over which the component will be evaluated; and

(D) Conclusions regarding the emission performance and the appropriate operating conditions and services for the trial pump seal technologies or pumps.

(iv) The performance trials shall initially be conducted, at least, for a 6-month period beginning not later than 18 months after the start of the quality improvement program. No later than 24 months after the start of the quality improvement program, the owner or operator shall have identified pump seal technologies or pump designs that, combined with appropriate process, operating, and maintenance practices, operate with low emission performance for specific applications in the process unit. The owner or operator shall continue to conduct performance trials as long as no superior performing design or technology has been identified, except as provided in paragraph (d)(6)(vi) of this section. The initial list of superior emission performance pump designs or pump seal technologies shall be amended in the future, as appropriate, as additional information and experience is obtained.

(v) Any plant site with fewer than 400 valves and owned by a corporation with fewer than 100 employees shall be exempt from trial evaluations of pump seals or pump designs. Plant sites exempt from the trial evaluations of pumps shall begin the pump seal or pump replacement program at the start of the fourth year of the quality improvement program.

(vi) An owner or operator who has conducted performance trials on all alternative superior emission performance technologies suitable for the required applications in the process unit may stop conducting performance trials provided that a superior performing design or technology has been demonstrated or there are no technically feasible alternative superior technologies remaining. The owner or operator shall prepare an engineering evaluation documenting the physical, chemical, or engineering basis for the judgment that the superior emission performance technology is technically infeasible or demonstrating that it would not reduce emissions.

(7) Each owner or operator shall prepare and implement a pump quality assurance program that details purchasing specifications and maintenance procedures for all pumps and pump seals in the process unit. The quality assurance program may establish any number of categories, or classes, of pumps as needed to distinguish among operating conditions and services associated with poorer than average emission performance as well as those associated with better than average emission performance. The quality assurance program shall be developed considering the findings of the data analysis required under paragraph (d)(5) of this section, if applicable, the findings of the trial evaluation required in paragraph (d)(6) of this section, and the operating conditions in the process unit. The quality assurance program shall be updated each year as long as the process unit has the greater of either 10 percent or more leaking pumps or has three leaking pumps.

(i) The quality assurance program shall:

(A) Establish minimum design standards for each category of pumps or pump seal technology. The design standards shall specify known critical parameters such as tolerance, manufacturer, materials of construction, previous usage, or other applicable identified critical parameters;

(B) Require that all equipment orders specify the design standard (or minimum tolerances) for the pump or the pump seal;

(C) Provide for an audit procedure for quality control of purchased equipment to ensure conformance with purchase specifications. The audit program may be conducted by the owner or operator of the plant site or process unit or by a designated representative; and

(D) Detail off-line pump maintenance and repair procedures. These procedures shall include provisions to ensure that rebuilt or refurbished pumps and pump seals will meet the design specifications for the pump category and will operate such that emissions are minimized.

(ii) The quality assurance program shall be established no later than the start of the third year of the quality improvement program for plant sites with 400 or more valves or 100 or more employees; and no later than the start of the fourth year of the quality improvement program for plant sites with less than 400 valves and less than 100 employees.

(8) Beginning at the start of the third year of the quality improvement program for plant sites with 400 or more valves or 100 or more employees and at the start of the fourth year of the quality improvement program for plant sites with less than 400 valves and less than 100 employees, the owner or operator shall replace, as described in paragraphs (d)(8)(i) and (d)(8)(ii) of this section, the pumps or pump seals that are not superior emission performance technology with pumps or pump seals that have been identified as superior emission performance technology and that comply with the quality assurance standards for the pump category. Superior emission performance technology is that category or design of pumps or pump seals with emission performance which, when combined with appropriate process, operating, and maintenance practices, will result in less than 10 percent leaking pumps for specific applications in the process unit or plant site. Superior emission performance technology includes material or design changes to the existing pump, pump seal, seal support system, installation of multiple mechanical seals or equivalent, or pump replacement.

(i) Pumps or pump seals shall be replaced at the rate of 20 percent per year based on the total number of pumps in light liquid service. The calculated value shall be rounded to the nearest nonzero integer value. The minimum number of pumps or pump seals shall be one. Pump replacement shall continue until all pumps subject to the requirements of § 63.163 of this subpart are pumps determined to be superior performance technology.

(ii) The owner or operator may delay replacement of pump seals or pumps with superior technology until the next planned process unit shutdown, provided the number of pump seals and pumps replaced is equivalent to the 20 percent or greater annual replacement rate.

(iii) The pumps shall be maintained as specified in the quality assurance program.

(a) Permission to use an alternative means of emission limitation under section 112(h)(3) of the Act shall be governed by the following procedures in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section.

(b) Where the standard is an equipment, design, or operational requirement:

(1) Each owner or operator applying for permission to use an alternative means of emission limitation under § 63.6(g) of subpart A of this part shall be responsible for collecting and verifying emission performance test data for an alternative means of emission limitation.

(2) The Administrator will compare test data for the means of emission limitation to test data for the equipment, design, and operational requirements.

(3) The Administrator may condition the permission on requirements that may be necessary to ensure operation and maintenance to achieve the same emission reduction as the equipment, design, and operational requirements.

(c) Where the standard is a work practice:

(1) Each owner or operator applying for permission shall be responsible for collecting and verifying test data for an alternative means of emission limitation.

(2) For each kind of equipment for which permission is requested, the emission reduction achieved by the required work practices shall be demonstrated for a minimum period of 12 months.

(3) For each kind of equipment for which permission is requested, the emission reduction achieved by the alternative means of emission limitation shall be demonstrated.

(4) Each owner or operator applying for permission shall commit, in writing, for each kind of equipment to work practices that provide for emission reductions equal to or greater than the emission reductions achieved by the required work practices.

(5) The Administrator will compare the demonstrated emission reduction for the alternative means of emission limitation to the demonstrated emission reduction for the required work practices and will consider the commitment in paragraph (c)(4) of this section.

(6) The Administrator may condition the permission on requirements that may be necessary to ensure operation and maintenance to achieve the same or greater emission reduction as the required work practices of this subpart.

(d) An owner or operator may offer a unique approach to demonstrate the alternative means of emission limitation.

(e)(1) Manufacturers of equipment used to control equipment leaks of an organic HAP may apply to the Administrator for permission for an alternative means of emission limitation that achieves a reduction in emissions of the organic HAP achieved by the equipment, design, and operational requirements of this subpart.

(2) The Administrator will grant permission according to the provisions of paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section.

(a) As an alternative to complying with the requirements of §§ 63.163 through 63.171 and §§ 63.173 through 63.176, an owner or operator of a batch process that operates in organic HAP service during the calendar year may comply with one of the standards specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, or the owner or operator may petition for approval of an alternative standard under the provisions of § 63.177 of this subpart. The alternative standards of this section provide the options of pressure testing or monitoring the equipment for leaks. The owner or operator may switch among the alternatives provided the change is documented as specified in § 63.181.

(b) The following requirements shall be met if an owner or operator elects to use pressure testing of batch product-process equipment to demonstrate compliance with this subpart. An owner or operator who complies with the provisions of this paragraph is exempt from the monitoring provisions of § 63.163, §§ 63.168 and 63.169, and §§ 63.173 through 63.176 of this subpart.

(1) Each time equipment is reconfigured for production of a different product or intermediate, the batch product-process equipment train shall be pressure-tested for leaks before organic HAP is first fed to the equipment and the equipment is placed in organic HAP service.

(i) When the batch product-process train is reconfigured to produce a different product, pressure testing is required only for the new or disturbed equipment.

(ii) Each batch product process that operates in organic HAP service during a calendar year shall be pressure tested at least once during that calendar year.

(iii) Pressure testing is not required for routine seal breaks, such as changing hoses or filters, which are not part of the reconfiguration to produce a different product or intermediate.

(2) The batch product process equipment shall be tested either using the procedures specified in § 63.180(f) of this subpart for pressure or vacuum loss or with a liquid using the procedures specified in § 63.180(g) of this subpart.

(3)(i) For pressure or vacuum tests, a leak is detected if the rate of change in pressure is greater than 6.9 kilopascals (1 psig) in 1 hour or if there is visible, audible, or olfactory evidence of fluid loss.

(ii) For pressure tests using a liquid, a leak is detected if there are indications of liquids dripping or if there is other evidence of fluid loss.

(4)(i) If a leak is detected, it shall be repaired and the batch product-process equipment shall be retested before start-up of the process.

(ii) If a batch product-process fails the retest or the second of two consecutive pressure tests, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable, but not later than 30 calendar days after the second pressure test, provided the conditions specified in paragraph (d) of this section are met.

(c) The following requirements shall be met if an owner or operator elects to monitor the equipment to detect leaks by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart to demonstrate compliance with this subpart.

(1) The owner or operator shall comply with the requirements of §§ 63.163 through 63.170, and §§ 63.172 through 63.176 of this subpart.

(2) The equipment shall be monitored for leaks by the method specified in § 63.180(b) of this subpart when the equipment is in organic HAP service, in use with an acceptable surrogate volatile organic compound which is not an organic HAP, or is in use with any other detectable gas or vapor.

(3) The equipment shall be monitored for leaks as specified below:

(i) Each time the equipment is reconfigured for the production of a new product, the reconfigured equipment shall be monitored for leaks within 30 days of start-up of the process. This initial monitoring of reconfigured equipment shall not be included in determining percent leaking equipment in the process unit.

(ii) Connectors shall be monitored in accordance with the requirements in § 63.174 of this subpart.

(iii) Equipment other than connectors shall be monitored at the frequencies specified in table 1 of this subpart. The operating time shall be determined as the proportion of the year the batch product-process that is subject to the provisions of this subpart is operating.

(iv) The monitoring frequencies specified in table 1 of this subpart are not requirements for monitoring at specific intervals and can be adjusted to accommodate process operations. An owner or operator may monitor anytime during the specified monitoring period (e.g., month, quarter, year), provided the monitoring is conducted at a reasonable interval after completion of the last monitoring campaign. For example, if the equipment is not operating during the scheduled monitoring period, the monitoring can be done during the next period when the process is operating.

(4) If a leak is detected, it shall be repaired as soon as practicable but not later than 15 calendar days after it is detected, except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section.

(d) Delay of repair of equipment for which leaks have been detected is allowed if the replacement equipment is not available providing the following conditions are met:

(1) Equipment supplies have been depleted and supplies had been sufficiently stocked before the supplies were depleted.

(2) The repair is made no later than 10 calendar days after delivery of the replacement equipment.

Process units enclosed in such a manner that all emissions from equipment leaks are vented through a closed-vent system to a control device meeting the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart are exempt from the requirements of § 63.163, through 63.171, and §§ 63.173 and 63.174 of this subpart. The enclosure shall be maintained under a negative pressure at all times while the process unit is in operation to ensure that all emissions are routed to a control device.

(a) Each owner or operator subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with the test methods and procedures requirements provided in this section.

(b) Monitoring, as required under this subpart, shall comply with the following requirements:

(1) Monitoring shall comply with Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.

(2)(i) Except as provided for in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, the detection instrument shall meet the performance criteria of Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A, except the instrument response factor criteria in Section 3.1.2(a) of Method 21 shall be for the average composition of the process fluid not each individual VOC in the stream. For process streams that contain nitrogen, water, air, or other inerts which are not organic HAP's or VOC's, the average stream response factor may be calculated on an inert-free basis. The response factor may be determined at any concentration for which monitoring for leaks will be conducted.

(ii) If no instrument is available at the plant site that will meet the performance criteria specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section, the instrument readings may be adjusted by multiplying by the average response factor of the process fluid, calculated on an inert-free basis as described in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section.

(3) The instrument shall be calibrated before use on each day of its use by the procedures specified in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.

(4) Calibration gases shall be:

(i) Zero air (less than 10 parts per million of hydrocarbon in air); and

(ii) Mixtures of methane in air at the concentrations specified in paragraphs (b)(4)(ii)(A) through (b)(4)(ii)(C) of this section. A calibration gas other than methane in air may be used if the instrument does not respond to methane or if the instrument does not meet the performance criteria specified in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section. In such cases, the calibration gas may be a mixture of one or more of the compounds to be measured in air.

(A) For Phase I, a mixture of methane or other compounds, as applicable, in air at a concentration of approximately, but less than, 10,000 parts per million.

(B) For Phase II, a mixture of methane or other compounds, as applicable, and air at a concentration of approximately, but less than, 10,000 parts per million for agitators, 5,000 parts per million for pumps, and 500 parts per million for all other equipment, except as provided in paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section.

(C) For Phase III, a mixture of methane or other compounds, as applicable, and air at a concentration of approximately, but less than, 10,000 parts per million methane for agitators; 2,000 parts per million for pumps in food/medical service; 5,000 parts per million for pumps in polymerizing monomer service; 1,000 parts per million for all other pumps; and 500 parts per million for all other equipment, except as provided in paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section.

(iii) The instrument may be calibrated at a higher methane concentration than the concentration specified for that piece of equipment. The concentration of the calibration gas may exceed the concentration specified as a leak by no more than 2,000 parts per million. If the monitoring instrument's design allows for multiple calibration scales, then the lower scale shall be calibrated with a calibration gas that is no higher than 2,000 parts per million above the concentration specified as a leak and the highest scale shall be calibrated with a calibration gas that is approximately equal to 10,000 parts per million. If only one scale on an instrument will be used during monitoring, the owner or operator need not calibrate the scales that will not be used during that day's monitoring.

(5) Monitoring shall be performed when the equipment is in organic HAP service, in use with an acceptable surrogate volatile organic compound which is not an organic HAP, or is in use with any other detectable gas or vapor.

(6) Monitoring data that do not meet the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section may be used to qualify for less frequent monitoring under the provisions in § 63.168(d)(2) and (d)(3) or § 63.174(b)(3)(ii) or (b)(3)(iii) of this subpart provided the data meet the conditions specified in paragraphs (b)(6)(i) and (b)(6)(ii) of this section.

(i) The data were obtained before April 22, 1994.

(ii) The departures from the criteria specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(5) of this section or from the specified monitoring frequency of § 63.168(c) are minor and do not significantly affect the quality of the data. Examples of minor departures are monitoring at a slightly different frequency (such as every six weeks instead of monthly or quarterly), following the performance criteria of section 3.1.2(a) of Method 21 of appendix A of 40 CFR part 60 instead of paragraph (b)(2) of this section, or monitoring at a different leak definition if the data would indicate the presence or absence of a leak at the concentration specified in this subpart. Failure to use a calibrated instrument is not considered a minor departure.

(c) When equipment is monitored for compliance as required in §§ 63.164(i), 63.165(a), and 63.172(f) or when equipment subject to a leak definition of 500 ppm is monitored for leaks as required by this subpart, the owner or operator may elect to adjust or not to adjust the instrument readings for background. If an owner or operator elects to not adjust instrument readings for background, the owner or operator shall monitor the equipment according to the procedures specified in paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section. In such case, all instrument readings shall be compared directly to the applicable leak definition to determine whether there is a leak. If an owner or operator elects to adjust instrument readings for background, the owner or operator shall monitor the equipment according to the procedures specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(4) of this section.

(1) The requirements of paragraphs (b) (1) through (4) of this section shall apply.

(2) The background level shall be determined, using the same procedures that will be used to determine whether the equipment is leaking.

(3) The instrument probe shall be traversed around all potential leak interfaces as close to the interface as possible as described in Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A.

(4) The arithmetic difference between the maximum concentration indicated by the instrument and the background level is compared with 500 parts per million for determining compliance.

(d)(1) Each piece of equipment within a process unit that can reasonably be expected to contain equipment in organic HAP service is presumed to be in organic HAP service unless an owner or operator demonstrates that the piece of equipment is not in organic HAP service. For a piece of equipment to be considered not in organic HAP service, it must be determined that the percent organic HAP content can be reasonably expected not to exceed 5 percent by weight on an annual average basis. For purposes of determining the percent organic HAP content of the process fluid that is contained in or contacts equipment, Method 18 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A shall be used.

(2)(i) An owner or operator may use good engineering judgment rather than the procedures in paragraph (d)(1) of this section to determine that the percent organic HAP content does not exceed 5 percent by weight. When an owner or operator and the Administrator do not agree on whether a piece of equipment is not in organic HAP service, however, the procedures in paragraph (d)(1) of this section shall be used to resolve the disagreement.

(ii) Conversely, the owner or operator may determine that the organic HAP content of the process fluid does not exceed 5 percent by weight by, for example, accounting for 98 percent of the content and showing that organic HAP is less than 3 percent.

(3) If an owner or operator determines that a piece of equipment is in organic HAP service, the determination can be revised after following the procedures in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, or by documenting that a change in the process or raw materials no longer causes the equipment to be in organic HAP service.

(4) Samples used in determining the percent organic HAP content shall be representative of the process fluid that is contained in or contacts the equipment.

(e) When a flare is used to comply with § 63.172(d), the owner or operator shall comply with paragraphs (e)(1) through (3) of this section. The owner or operator is not required to conduct a performance test to determine percent emission reduction or outlet organic HAP or TOC concentration.

(1) Conduct a visible emission test using the techniques specified in § 63.11(b)(4).

(2) Determine the net heating value of the gas being combusted using the techniques specified in § 63.11(b)(6).

(3) Determine the exit velocity using the techniques specified in either § 63.11(b)(7)(i) (and § 63.11(b)(7)(iii), where applicable) or § 63.11(b)(8), as appropriate.

(f) The following procedures shall be used to pressure test batch product-process equipment for pressure or vacuum loss to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of § 63.178(b)(3)(i) of this subpart.

(1) The batch product-process equipment train shall be pressurized with a gas to a pressure less than the set pressure of any safety relief devices or valves or to a pressure slightly above the operating pressure of the equipment, or alternatively, the equipment shall be placed under a vacuum.

(2) Once the test pressure is obtained, the gas source or vacuum source shall be shut off.

(3) The test shall continue for not less than 15 minutes unless it can be determined in a shorter period of time that the allowable rate of pressure drop or of pressure rise was exceeded. The pressure in the batch product-process equipment shall be measured after the gas or vacuum source is shut off and at the end of the test period. The rate of change in pressure in the batch product-process equipment shall be calculated using the following equation:

(4) The pressure shall be measured using a pressure measurement device (gauge, manometer, or equivalent) which has a precision of ±2.5 millimeter mercury in the range of test pressure and is capable of measuring pressures up to the relief set pressure of the pressure relief device. If such a pressure measurement device is not reasonably available, the owner or operator shall use a pressure measurement device with a precision of at least + 10 percent of the test pressure of the equipment and shall extend the duration of the test for the time necessary to detect a pressure loss or rise that equals a rate of one psig per hour.

(5) An alternative procedure may be used for leak testing the equipment if the owner or operator demonstrates the alternative procedure is capable of detecting a pressure loss or rise.

(g) The following procedures shall be used to pressure-test batch product-process equipment using a liquid to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of § 63.178(b)(3)(ii) of this subpart.

(1) The batch product-process equipment train, or section of the train, shall be filled with the test liquid (e.g., water, alcohol) until normal operating pressure is obtained. Once the equipment is filled, the liquid source shall be shut off.

(2) The test shall be conducted for a period of at least 60 minutes, unless it can be determined in a shorter period of time that the test is a failure.

(3) Each seal in the equipment being tested shall be inspected for indications of liquid dripping or other indications of fluid loss. If there are any indications of liquids dripping or of fluid loss, a leak is detected.

(4) An alternative procedure may be used for leak testing the equipment, if the owner or operator demonstrates the alternative procedure is capable of detecting losses of fluid.

(a) An owner or operator of more than one process unit subject to the provisions of this subpart may comply with the recordkeeping requirements for these process units in one recordkeeping system if the system identifies each record by process unit and the program being implemented (e.g., quarterly monitoring, quality improvement) for each type of equipment. All records and information required by this section shall be maintained in a manner that can be readily accessed at the plant site. This could include physically locating the records at the plant site or accessing the records from a central location by computer at the plant site.

(b) Except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section, the following information pertaining to all equipment in each process unit subject to the requirements in §§ 63.162 through 63.174 of this subpart shall be recorded:

(1)(i) A list of identification numbers for equipment (except connectors exempt from monitoring and recordkeeping identified in § 63.174 of this subpart and instrumentation systems) subject to the requirements of this subpart. Connectors need not be individually identified if all connectors in a designated area or length of pipe subject to the provisions of this subpart are identified as a group, and the number of connectors subject is indicated. With respect to connectors, the list shall be complete no later than the completion of the initial survey required by § 63.174 (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this subpart.

(ii) A schedule by process unit for monitoring connectors subject to the provisions of § 63.174(a) of this subpart and valves subject to the provisions of § 63.168(d) of this subpart.

(iii) Physical tagging of the equipment to indicate that it is in organic HAP service is not required. Equipment subject to the provisions of this subpart may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, or by other appropriate methods.

(2)(i) A list of identification numbers for equipment that the owner or operator elects to equip with a closed-vent system and control device, under the provisions of § 63.163(g), § 63.164(h), § 63.165(c), or § 63.173(f) of this subpart.

(ii) A list of identification numbers for compressors that the owner or operator elects to designate as operating with an instrument reading of less than 500 parts per million above background, under the provisions of § 63.164(i) of this subpart.

(iii) Identification of surge control vessels or bottoms receivers subject to the provisions of this subpart that the owner or operator elects to equip with a closed-vent system and control device, under the provisions of § 63.170 of this subpart.

(3)(i) A list of identification numbers for pressure relief devices subject to the provisions in § 63.165(a) of this subpart.

(ii) A list of identification numbers for pressure relief devices equipped with rupture disks, under the provisions of § 63.165(d) of this subpart.

(4) Identification of instrumentation systems subject to the provisions of this subpart. Individual components in an instrumentation system need not be identified.

(5) Identification of screwed connectors subject to the requirements of § 63.174(c)(2) of this subpart. Identification can be by area or grouping as long as the total number within each group or area is recorded.

(6) The following information shall be recorded for each dual mechanical seal system:

(i) Design criteria required in §§ 63.163(e)(6)(i), 63.164(e)(2), and 63.173(d)(6)(i) of this subpart and an explanation of the design criteria; and

(ii) Any changes to these criteria and the reasons for the changes.

(7) The following information pertaining to all pumps subject to the provisions of § 63.163(j), valves subject to the provisions of § 63.168(h) and (i) of this subpart, agitators subject to the provisions of § 63.173(h) through (j), and connectors subject to the provisions of § 63.174(f) and (g) of this subpart shall be recorded:

(i) Identification of equipment designated as unsafe to monitor, difficult to monitor, or unsafe to inspect and the plan for monitoring or inspecting this equipment.

(ii) A list of identification numbers for the equipment that is designated as difficult to monitor, an explanation of why the equipment is difficult to monitor, and the planned schedule for monitoring this equipment.

(iii) A list of identification numbers for connectors that are designated as unsafe to repair and an explanation why the connector is unsafe to repair.

(8)(i) A list of valves removed from and added to the process unit, as described in § 63.168(e)(1) of this subpart, if the net credits for removed valves is expected to be used.

(ii) A list of connectors removed from and added to the process unit, as described in § 63.174(i)(1) of this subpart, and documentation of the integrity of the weld for any removed connectors, as required in § 63.174(j) of this subpart. This is not required unless the net credits for removed connectors is expected to be used.

(9)(i) For batch process units that the owner or operator elects to monitor as provided under § 63.178(c) of this subpart, a list of equipment added to batch product process units since the last monitoring period required in § 63.178(c)(3)(ii) and (3)(iii) of this subpart.

(ii) Records demonstrating the proportion of the time during the calendar year the equipment is in use in a batch process that is subject to the provisions of this subpart. Examples of suitable documentation are records of time in use for individual pieces of equipment or average time in use for the process unit. These records are not required if the owner or operator does not adjust monitoring frequency by the time in use, as provided in § 63.178(c)(3)(iii) of this subpart.

(10) For any leaks detected as specified in §§ 63.163 and 63.164; §§ 63.168 and 63.169; and §§ 63.172 through 63.174 of this subpart, a weatherproof and readily visible identification, marked with the equipment identification number, shall be attached to the leaking equipment.

(c) For visual inspections of equipment subject to the provisions of this subpart (e.g., § 63.163(b)(3), § 63.163(e)(4)(i)), the owner or operator shall document that the inspection was conducted and the date of the inspection. The owner or operator shall maintain records as specified in paragraph (d) of this section for leaking equipment identified in this inspection, except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section. These records shall be retained for 2 years.

(d) When each leak is detected as specified in §§ 63.163 and 63.164; §§ 63.168 and 63.169; and §§ 63.172 through 63.174 of this subpart, the following information shall be recorded and kept for 2 years:

(1) The instrument and the equipment identification number and the operator name, initials, or identification number.

(2) The date the leak was detected and the date of first attempt to repair the leak.

(3) The date of successful repair of the leak.

(4) Maximum instrument reading measured by Method 21 of 40 CFR part 60, appendix A after it is successfully repaired or determined to be nonrepairable.

(5) “Repair delayed” and the reason for the delay if a leak is not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of the leak.

(i) The owner or operator may develop a written procedure that identifies the conditions that justify a delay of repair. The written procedures may be included as part of the startup/shutdown/malfunction plan, required by § 63.6(e)(3), for the source or may be part of a separate document that is maintained at the plant site. In such cases, reasons for delay of repair may be documented by citing the relevant sections of the written procedure.

(ii) If delay of repair was caused by depletion of stocked parts, there must be documentation that the spare parts were sufficiently stocked on-site before depletion and the reason for depletion.

(6) Dates of process unit shutdowns that occur while the equipment is unrepaired.

(7)(i) Identification, either by list, location (area or grouping), or tagging of connectors that have been opened or otherwise had the seal broken since the last monitoring period required in § 63.174(b) of this subpart, as described in § 63.174(c)(1) of this subpart, unless the owner or operator elects to comply with the provisions of § 63.174(c)(1)(ii) of this subpart.

(ii) The date and results of monitoring as required in § 63.174(c) of this subpart. If identification of connectors that have been opened or otherwise had the seal broken is made by location under paragraph (d)(7)(i) of this section, then all connectors within the designated location shall be monitored.

(8) The date and results of the monitoring required in § 63.178(c)(3)(i) of this subpart for equipment added to a batch process unit since the last monitoring period required in § 63.178 (c)(3)(ii) and (c)(3)(iii) of this subpart. If no leaking equipment is found in this monitoring, the owner or operator shall record that the inspection was performed. Records of the actual monitoring results are not required.

(9) Copies of the periodic reports as specified in § 63.182(d) of this subpart, if records are not maintained on a computerized database capable of generating summary reports from the records.

(e) The owner or operator of a batch product process who elects to pressure test the batch product process equipment train to demonstrate compliance with this subpart is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (b), (c), (d), and (f) of this section. Instead, the owner or operator shall maintain records of the following information:

(1) The identification of each product, or product code, produced during the calendar year. It is not necessary to identify individual items of equipment in a batch product process equipment train.

(2) [Reserved]

(3) Physical tagging of the equipment to identify that it is in organic HAP service and subject to the provisions of this subpart is not required. Equipment in a batch product process subject to the provisions of this subpart may be identified on a plant site plan, in log entries, or by other appropriate methods.

(4) The dates of each pressure test required in § 63.178(b) of this subpart, the test pressure, and the pressure drop observed during the test.

(5) Records of any visible, audible, or olfactory evidence of fluid loss.

(6) When a batch product process equipment train does not pass two consecutive pressure tests, the following information shall be recorded in a log and kept for 2 years:

(i) The date of each pressure test and the date of each leak repair attempt.

(ii) Repair methods applied in each attempt to repair the leak.

(iii) The reason for the delay of repair.

(iv) The expected date for delivery of the replacement equipment and the actual date of delivery of the replacement equipment.

(v) The date of successful repair.

(f) The dates and results of each compliance test required for compressors subject to the provisions in § 63.164(i) and the dates and results of the monitoring following a pressure release for each pressure relief device subject to the provisions in §§ 63.165 (a) and (b) of this subpart. The results shall include:

(1) The background level measured during each compliance test.

(2) The maximum instrument reading measured at each piece of equipment during each compliance test.

(g) The owner or operator shall maintain records of the information specified in paragraphs (g)(1) through (g)(3) of this section for closed-vent systems and control devices subject to the provisions of § 63.172 of this subpart. The records specified in paragraph (g)(1) of this section shall be retained for the life of the equipment. The records specified in paragraphs (g)(2) and (g)(3) of this section shall be retained for 2 years.

(1) The design specifications and performance demonstrations specified in paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (g)(1)(iv) of this section.

(i) Detailed schematics, design specifications of the control device, and piping and instrumentation diagrams.

(ii) The dates and descriptions of any changes in the design specifications.

(iii) The flare design (i.e., steam-assisted, air-assisted, or non-assisted) and the results of the compliance demonstration required by § 63.11(b) of subpart A of this part.

(iv) A description of the parameter or parameters monitored, as required in § 63.172(e) of this subpart, to ensure that control devices are operated and maintained in conformance with their design and an explanation of why that parameter (or parameters) was selected for the monitoring.

(2) Records of operation of closed-vent systems and control devices, as specified in paragraphs (g)(2)(i) through (g)(2)(iii) of this section.

(i) Dates and durations when the closed-vent systems and control devices required in §§ 63.163 through 63.166, and § 63.170 of this subpart are not operated as designed as indicated by the monitored parameters, including periods when a flare pilot light system does not have a flame.

(ii) Dates and durations during which the monitoring system or monitoring device is inoperative.

(iii) Dates and durations of start-ups and shutdowns of control devices required in §§ 63.163 through 63.166, and § 63.170 of this subpart.

(3) Records of inspections of closed-vent systems subject to the provisions of § 63.172 of this subpart, as specified in paragraphs (g)(3)(i) and (g)(3)(ii) of this section.

(i) For each inspection conducted in accordance with the provisions of § 63.172(f)(1) or (f)(2) of this subpart during which no leaks were detected, a record that the inspection was performed, the date of the inspection, and a statement that no leaks were detected.

(ii) For each inspection conducted in accordance with the provisions of § 63.172(f)(1) or (f)(2) of this subpart during which leaks were detected, the information specified in paragraph (d) of this section shall be recorded.

(h) Each owner or operator of a process unit subject to the requirements of §§ 63.175 and 63.176 of this subpart shall maintain the records specified in paragraphs (h)(1) through (h)(9) of this section for the period of the quality improvement program for the process unit.

(1) For owners or operators who elect to use a reasonable further progress quality improvement program, as specified in § 63.175(d) of this subpart:

(i) All data required in § 63.175(d)(2) of this subpart.

(ii) The percent leaking valves observed each quarter and the rolling average percent reduction observed in each quarter.

(iii) The beginning and ending dates while meeting the requirements of § 63.175(d) of this subpart.

(2) For owners or operators who elect to use a quality improvement program of technology review and improvement, as specified in § 63.175(e) of this subpart:

(i) All data required in § 63.175(e)(2) of this subpart.

(ii) The percent leaking valves observed each quarter.

(iii) Documentation of all inspections conducted under the requirements of § 63.175(e)(4) of this subpart, and any recommendations for design or specification changes to reduce leak frequency.

(iv) The beginning and ending dates while meeting the requirements of § 63.175(e) of this subpart.

(3) For owners or operators subject to the requirements of the pump quality improvement program as specified in § 63.176 of this subpart:

(i) All data required in § 63.176(d)(2) of this subpart.

(ii) The rolling average percent leaking pumps.

(iii) Documentation of all inspections conducted under the requirements of § 63.176(d)(4) of this subpart, and any recommendations for design or specification changes to reduce leak frequency.

(iv) The beginning and ending dates while meeting the requirements of § 63.176(d) of this subpart.

(4) If a leak is not repaired within 15 calendar days after discovery of the leak, the reason for the delay and the expected date of successful repair.

(5) Records of all analyses required in §§ 63.175(e) and 63.176(d) of this subpart. The records will include the following:

(i) A list identifying areas associated with poorer than average performance and the associated service characteristics of the stream, the operating conditions and maintenance practices.

(ii) The reasons for rejecting specific candidate superior emission performing valve or pump technology from performance trials.

(iii) The list of candidate superior emission performing valve or pump technologies, and documentation of the performance trial program items required under §§ 63.175(e)(6)(iii) and 63.176(d)(6)(iii) of this subpart.

(iv) The beginning date and duration of performance trials of each candidate superior emission performing technology.

(6) All records documenting the quality assurance program for valves or pumps as specified in §§ 63.175(e)(7) and 63.176(d)(7) of this subpart.

(7) Records indicating that all valves or pumps replaced or modified during the period of the quality improvement program are in compliance with the quality assurance requirements in § 63.175(e)(7) and § 63.176(d)(7) of this subpart.

(8) Records documenting compliance with the 20 percent or greater annual replacement rate for pumps as specified in § 63.176(d)(8) of this subpart.

(9) Information and data to show the corporation has fewer than 100 employees, including employees providing professional and technical contracted services.

(i) The owner or operator of equipment in heavy liquid service shall comply with the requirements of either paragraph (i)(1) or (i)(2) of this section, as provided in paragraph (i)(3) of this section.

(1) Retain information, data, and analyses used to determine that a piece of equipment is in heavy liquid service.

(2) When requested by the Administrator, demonstrate that the piece of equipment or process is in heavy liquid service.

(3) A determination or demonstration that a piece of equipment or process is in heavy liquid service shall include an analysis or demonstration that the process fluids do not meet the definition of “in light liquid service.” Examples of information that could document this include, but are not limited to, records of chemicals purchased for the process, analyses of process stream composition, engineering calculations, or process knowledge.

(j) Identification, either by list, location (area or group) of equipment in organic HAP service less than 300 hours per year within a process unit subject to the provisions of this subpart under § 63.160 of this subpart.

(k) Owners and operators choosing to comply with the requirements of § 63.179 of this subpart shall maintain the following records:

(1) Identification of the process unit(s) and the organic HAP's they handle.

(2) A schematic of the process unit, enclosure, and closed-vent system.

(3) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure in the enclosure to ensure that all emissions are routed to the control device.

(a) Each owner or operator of a source subject to this subpart shall submit the reports listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(5) of this section. Owners or operators requesting an extension of compliance shall also submit the report listed in paragraph (a)(6) of this section.

(1) An Initial Notification described in paragraph (b) of this section, and

(2) A Notification of Compliance Status described in paragraph (c) of this section,

(3) Periodic Reports described in paragraph (d) of this section, and

(4)-(5) [Reserved]

(6) Pursuant to section 112(i)(3)(B) of the Act, an owner or operator may request an extension allowing an existing source up to 1 additional year beyond the compliance date specified in the subpart that references this subpart.

(i) For purposes of this subpart, a request for an extension shall be submitted to the operating permit authority as part of the operating permit application. If the State in which the source is located does not have an approved operating permit program, a request for an extension shall be submitted to the Administrator as a separate submittal. The dates specified in § 63.6(i) of subpart A of this part for submittal of requests for extensions shall not apply to sources subject to this subpart.

(ii) A request for an extension of compliance must include the data described in § 63.6(i)(6)(i) (A), (B), and (D) of subpart A of this part.

(iii) The requirements in § 63.6(i)(8) through (i)(14) of subpart A of this part will govern the review and approval of requests for extensions of compliance with this subpart.

(b) Each owner or operator of an existing or new source subject to the provisions of this subpart shall submit a written Initial Notification to the Administrator, containing the information described in paragraph (b)(1), according to the schedule in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The Initial Notification provisions in § 63.9(b)(1) through (b)(3) of subpart A of this part shall not apply to owners or operators of sources subject to this subpart.

(1) The Initial Notification shall include the following information:

(i) The name and address of the owner or operator;

(ii) The address (physical location) of the affected source;

(iii) An identification of the chemical manufacturing processes subject to this subpart; and

(iv) A statement of whether the source can achieve compliance by the applicable compliance date specified in the subpart in 40 CFR part 63 that references this subpart.

(2) The Initial Notification shall be submitted according to the schedule in paragraph (b)(2)(i), (b)(2)(ii), or (b)(2)(iii) of this section, as applicable.

(i) For an existing source, the Initial Notification shall be submitted within 120 calendar days after the date of promulgation or no later than 120 calendar days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later.

(ii) For a new source that has an initial start-up 90 days after the date of promulgation of this subpart or later, the application for approval of construction or reconstruction required by § 63.5(d) of subpart A of this part shall be submitted in lieu of the Initial Notification. The application shall be submitted as soon as practicable before the construction or reconstruction is planned to commence (but it need not be sooner than 90 days after the date of promulgation of the subpart that references this subpart). For a new source that reclassifies to major source status after January 19, 2021 and greater than 90 days after the initial start-up, the source shall submit the initial notification required by § 63.9(b) no later than 120 days after the source becomes subject to this subpart.

(iii) For a new source that has an initial start-up prior to 90 days after the date of promulgation of the applicable subpart, the Initial Notification shall be submitted within 90 days after the date of promulgation of the subpart that references this subpart, or no later than 120 calendar days after the source becomes subject to this subpart, whichever is later.

(c) Each owner or operator of a source subject to this subpart shall submit a Notification of Compliance Status within 90 days after the compliance dates specified in the subpart in 40 CFR part 63 that references this subpart, except as provided in paragraph (c)(4) of this section.

(1) The notification shall provide the information listed in paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (c)(1)(iv) of this section for each process unit subject to the requirements of § 63.163 through § 63.174 of this subpart.

(i) Process unit identification.

(ii) Number of each equipment type (e.g., valves, pumps) excluding equipment in vacuum service.

(iii) Method of compliance with the standard (for example, “monthly leak detection and repair” or “equipped with dual mechanical seals”).

(iv) Planned schedule for each phase of the requirements in § 63.163 and § 63.168 of this subpart.

(2) The notification shall provide the information listed in paragraphs (c)(2)(i) and (c)(2)(ii) of this section for each process unit subject to the requirements of § 63.178(b) of this subpart.

(i) Batch products or product codes subject to the provisions of this subpart, and

(ii) Planned schedule for pressure testing when equipment is configured for production of products subject to the provisions of this subpart.

(3) The notification shall provide the information listed in paragraphs (c)(3)(i) and (c)(3)(ii) of this section for each process unit subject to the requirements in § 63.179 of this subpart.

(i) Process unit identification.

(ii) A description of the system used to create a negative pressure in the enclosure and the control device used to comply with the requirements of § 63.172 of this subpart.

(4) For existing sources subject to subpart F of this part, the Notification of Compliance Status shall be submitted for the group of process units with the earliest compliance date specified in § 63.100(k) of subpart F of this part, by no later than 90 days after the compliance date for that group. The Notification of Compliance Status for each subsequent group shall be submitted as part of the first periodic report that is due not less than 90 days after the compliance date for that group.

(d) The owner or operator of a source subject to this subpart shall submit Periodic Reports.

(1) A report containing the information in paragraphs (d)(2), (d)(3), and (d)(4) of this section shall be submitted semiannually starting 6 months after the Notification of Compliance Status, as required in paragraph (c) of this section. The first periodic report shall cover the first 6 months after the compliance date specified in § 63.100(k)(3) of subpart F. Each subsequent periodic report shall cover the 6 month period following the preceding period.

(2) For each process unit complying with the provisions of § 63.163 through § 63.174 of this subpart, the summary information listed in paragraphs (i) through (xvi) of this paragraph for each monitoring period during the 6-month period.

(i) The number of valves for which leaks were detected as described in § 63.168(b) of this subpart, the percent leakers, and the total number of valves monitored;

(ii) The number of valves for which leaks were not repaired as required in § 63.168(f) of this subpart, identifying the number of those that are determined nonrepairable;

(iii) The number of pumps for which leaks were detected as described in § 63.163(b) of this subpart, the percent leakers, and the total number of pumps monitored;

(iv) The number of pumps for which leaks were not repaired as required in § 63.163(c) of this subpart;

(v) The number of compressors for which leaks were detected as described in § 63.164(f) of this subpart;

(vi) The number of compressors for which leaks were not repaired as required in § 63.164(g) of this subpart;

(vii) The number of agitators for which leaks were detected as described in § 63.173(a) and (b) of this subpart;

(viii) The number of agitators for which leaks were not repaired as required in § 63.173(c) of this subpart;

(ix) The number of connectors for which leaks were detected as described in § 63.174(a) of this subpart, the percent of connectors leaking, and the total number of connectors monitored;

(x) [Reserved]

(xi) The number of connectors for which leaks were not repaired as required in § 63.174(d) of this subpart, identifying the number of those that are determined nonrepairable;

(xii) [Reserved]

(xiii) The facts that explain any delay of repairs and, where appropriate, why a process unit shutdown was technically infeasible.

(xiv) The results of all monitoring to show compliance with §§ 63.164(i), 63.165(a), and 63.172(f) of this subpart conducted within the semiannual reporting period.

(xv) If applicable, the initiation of a monthly monitoring program under § 63.168(d)(1)(i) of this subpart, or a quality improvement program under either §§ 63.175 or 63.176 of this subpart.

(xvi) If applicable, notification of a change in connector monitoring alternatives as described in § 63.174(c)(1) of this subpart.

(xvii) If applicable, the compliance option that has been selected under § 63.172(n).

(3) For owners or operators electing to meet the requirements of § 63.178(b) of this subpart, the report shall include the information listed in paragraphs (i) through (v) of this paragraph for each process unit.

(i) Batch product process equipment train identification;

(ii) The number of pressure tests conducted;

(iii) The number of pressure tests where the equipment train failed the pressure test;

(iv) The facts that explain any delay of repairs; and

(v) The results of all monitoring to determine compliance with § 63.172(f) of this subpart.

(4) The information listed in paragraph (c) of this section for the Notification of Compliance Status for process units with later compliance dates. Any revisions to items reported in earlier Notification of Compliance Status, if the method of compliance has changed since the last report.

(a) This subpart can be implemented and enforced by the U.S. EPA, or a delegated authority such as the applicable State, local, or Tribal agency. If the U.S. EPA Administrator has delegated authority to a State, local, or Tribal agency, then that agency, in addition to the U.S. EPA, has the authority to implement and enforce this subpart. Contact the applicable U.S. EPA Regional Office to find out if implementation and enforcement of this subpart is delegated to a State, local, or Tribal agency.

(b) In delegating implementation and enforcement authority of this subpart to a State, local, or Tribal agency under subpart E of this part, the authorities contained in paragraph (c) of this section are retained by the Administrator of U.S. EPA and cannot be transferred to the State, local, or Tribal agency.

(c) The authorities that cannot be delegated to State, local, or Tribal agencies are as specified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section.

(1) Approval of alternatives to the requirements in §§ 63.160, 63.162 through 63.176, 63.178 through 63.179. Follow the applicable procedures of § 63.177 to request an alternative means of emission limitation for batch processes and enclosed-vented process units. Where these standards reference another subpart, the cited provisions will be delegated according to the delegation provisions of the referenced subpart. Where these standards reference another subpart and modify the requirements, the requirements shall be modified as described in this subpart. Delegation of the modified requirements will also occur according to the delegation provisions of the referenced subpart.

(2) Approval of major alternatives to test methods under § 63.7(e)(2)(ii) and (f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this subpart.

(3) Approval of major alternatives to monitoring under § 63.8(f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this subpart.

(4) Approval of major alternatives to recordkeeping and reporting under § 63.10(f), as defined in § 63.90, and as required in this subpart.