(a) The standards set forth in this subpart apply to the suspension or termination of collection activity, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3711, on debts that do not exceed $100,000, or such other amount as the Attorney General may direct, exclusive of interest, penalties, and administrative costs, after deducting the amount of partial payments or collections, if any. Prior to referring a debt to DOJ for litigation, NEH may suspend or terminate collection under this subpart with respect to debts that arise out of its activities, or that are referred or transferred to it for collection services.

(b) If, after deducting the amount of any partial payments or collections, the principal amount of a debt exceeds $100,000, or such other amount as the Attorney General may direct, exclusive of interest, penalties, and administrative costs, the authority to suspend or terminate rests solely with DOJ. If NEH believes that suspension or termination of any debt in excess of $100,000 may be appropriate, it will refer the debt to the Civil Division or other appropriate litigating division in DOJ, using the CCLR. The referral will specify the reasons for NEH's recommendation. If, prior to referral to the DOJ, NEH determines that a debt is plainly erroneous or clearly without legal merit, NEH may terminate collection activity without obtaining DOJ concurrence, regardless of the amount involved.

(a) NEH may suspend collection activity on a debt when:

(1) NEH cannot locate the debtor;

(2) NEH expects the debtor's financial condition to improve; or

(3) The debtor has requested a waiver or review of the debt.

(b) NEH may suspend collection activity on a debt when, based on the debtor's current financial condition, the debtor's future prospects justify retention of the debt for periodic review and collection activity and:

(1) The applicable statute of limitations has not expired; or

(2) Future collection can be effected by administrative offset, notwithstanding the expiration of the applicable statute of limitations for litigation of claims, with due regard to the ten-year limitation for administrative offset prescribed by 31 U.S.C. 3716(e)(1); or

(3) The debtor agrees to pay interest on the amount of the debt on which collection will be suspended, and such suspension is likely to enhance the debtor's ability to pay the full amount of the debt with interest at a later date.

(c)(1) NEH will suspend collection activity during the time required to consider the debtor's request for waiver or administrative review of the debt, if the statute under which the debtor makes the request prohibits NEH from collecting the debt during that time.

(2) If the statute under which the debtor makes the request does not prohibit collection activity pending consideration of the debtor's request, NEH may use discretion, on a case-by-case basis, to suspend collection. Further, NEH ordinarily will suspend collection action upon a request for waiver or review if a statute or regulation prohibits NEH from issuing a refund of amounts it collected prior to considering the debtor's request. However, NEH should not suspend collection when it determines that the request for waiver or review is frivolous or was made primarily to delay collection.

(d) If NEH learns that a bankruptcy petition has been filed with respect to a debtor, in most cases it must suspend the collection activity on that debtor's debt, pursuant to the provisions of 11 U.S.C. 362, 1201, and 1301, unless NEH can clearly establish that the automatic stay has been lifted or is no longer in effect. NEH will immediately seek legal advice from its Office of the General Counsel and, if legally permitted, take the necessary legal steps to ensure that the agency does not pay any funds or money to the debtor until it obtains relief from the automatic stay.

(a) NEH may terminate collection activity when:

(1) NEH is unable to collect any substantial amount through its own efforts or through the efforts of others;

(2) NEH is unable to locate the debtor;

(3) NEH anticipates that the costs of collection will exceed the amount recoverable;

(4) The debt is legally without merit or enforcement of the debt is barred by any applicable statute of limitations;

(5) NEH cannot substantiate the debt; or

(6) The debt against the debtor has been discharged in bankruptcy.

(b) Before terminating collection activity, NEH will have pursued all appropriate means of collection and determined, based upon the results of the collection activity, that the debt is uncollectible. Terminating collection activity ceases active collection of the debt but does not preclude NEH from retaining a record of the account for purposes of:

(1) Selling the debt, if the Secretary determines that such sale is in the best interests of the United States;

(2) Pursuing collection at a subsequent date in the event there is a change in the debtor's status or a new collection tool becomes available;

(3) Offsetting against future income or assets not available at the time the agency terminated collection activity; or

(4) Screening future applicants for prior indebtedness.

(c) Generally, NEH will terminate collection activity on a debt that has been discharged in bankruptcy, regardless of the amount. NEH may continue collection activity, however, subject to the provisions of the Bankruptcy Code, for any payments provided under a plan of reorganization. Offset and recoupment rights may survive the discharge of the debtor in bankruptcy and, under some circumstances, claims also may survive the discharge. For example, if NEH is a known creditor of the debtor, its claims may survive a discharge if it did not receive formal notice of the proceedings. NEH will seek legal advice from its Office of the General Counsel if it believes it has claims or offsets that may survive the discharge of a debtor.

When a significant enforcement policy is involved, or recovery of a judgment is a prerequisite to the imposition of administrative sanctions, NEH may refer debts for litigation even though termination of collection activity may otherwise be appropriate.

(a) Before discharging a delinquent debt (also referred to as a close out of the debt), NEH will take all appropriate steps to collect the debt in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 3711(g), including, as applicable, administrative offset; tax refund offset; Federal salary offset; referral to Treasury, Treasury-designated debt collection centers, or private collection contractors; credit bureau reporting; wage garnishment; litigation; and foreclosure. Discharge of indebtedness is distinct from termination or suspension of collection activity under this subpart and is governed by the Internal Revenue Code. When NEH suspends or terminates collection action on a debt, the debt remains delinquent and NEH may pursue further collection action at a later date, in accordance with the standards set forth in this part. When NEH discharges a debt in full or in part, further collection action is prohibited. Therefore, NEH will make the determination that collection action is no longer warranted before discharging a debt. NEH must also terminate debt collection action before discharging a debt.

(b) Section 3711(i), title 31, United States Code, requires NEH to sell a delinquent nontax debt upon termination of collection action if the Secretary determines such a sale is in the best interests of the United States. Since the discharge of a debt precludes any further collection action (including the sale of a delinquent debt), NEH may not discharge a debt until it meets the requirements of 31 U.S.C. 3711(i).

(c) Upon discharge of an indebtedness, NEH must report the discharge to the IRS in accordance with the requirements of 26 U.S.C. 6050P and 26 CFR 1.6050P-1. NEH may request Treasury or Treasury-designated debt collection centers to file such a discharge report to the IRS on NEH's behalf.

(d) When discharging a debt, NEH must request that litigation counsel release any liens of record securing the debt.