Collapse to view only § 2228. International Muslim Youth Opportunity Fund

§ 2221. General authority
(a) Voluntary contributions; grants and loans in case of the Indus Basin Development Fund
(b) Repealed. Pub. L. 97–113, title VII, § 734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1560
(c) Palestine refugees; considerations and conditions for furnishing assistance
(d) Audit of funds; report to Congress and the President
(e) Evaluation of United Nations and its affiliated organizations; International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; Asian Development Bank
(1) In the case of the United Nations and its affiliated organizations, including the International Atomic Energy Agency, the President shall, acting through the United States representative to such organizations, propose and actively seek the establishment by the governing authorities of such organizations of external, professionally qualified groups of appropriate size for the purpose of providing an independent and continuous program of selective examination, review, evaluation, and audits of the programs and activities of such organizations. Such proposal shall provide that such groups shall be established in accordance with such terms of reference as such governing authority may prescribe and that the reports of such groups on each examination, review, evaluation, or audit shall be submitted directly to such governing authority for transmittal to the representative of each individual member nation. Such proposal shall further include a statement of auditing and reporting standards, as prepared by the Comptroller General of the United States, for the consideration of the governing authority of the international organization concerned to assist in formulating terms of reference for such review and evaluation groups.
(2) In the case of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Asian Development Bank, the President shall, acting through the United States representative to such organizations, propose and actively seek the establishment by the governing authorities of such organizations professionally qualified groups of appropriate size for the purpose of providing an independent and continuous program of selective examination, review, evaluation, and audit of the programs and activities of such organizations. Such proposal shall provide that such groups shall be established in accordance with such terms of reference as such governing authorities may prescribe, and that the reports of such groups on each examination, review, evaluation, or audit shall be submitted directly to such governing authority for transmittal to the representative of each individual member nation. Such proposal shall further include a statement of auditing and reporting standards, as prepared by the Comptroller General of the United States, for the consideration of the governing authority of the international organization concerned to assist in formulating terms of reference for such review and evaluation groups.
(f) International Fertilizer Development Center; United States participation and assistance
(g) Transfer of funding of technological assistance programs to United Nations Development Program
(h) International Food Policy Research Institute; availability of funds, etc.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 301, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. I, § 106 (a), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 656; Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, § 107(a)–(c), Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 800; Pub. L. 90–137, pt. I, § 110(a), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 453; Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, § 108(a), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 819; Pub. L. 93–189, § 9(1), Dec. 17, 1973, 87 Stat. 718; Pub. L. 94–161, title III, § 313(c), Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 866; Pub. L. 95–424, title I, §§ 102(b)(2)(A), 117(d), Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 941, 953; Pub. L. 96–533, title VII, § 702, Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3156; Pub. L. 97–113, title III, § 311(a), title VII, § 734(a)(1), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1536, 1560.)
§ 2222. Authorization of appropriations
(a) Grants
(1) There are authorized to be appropriated to the President $270,000,000 for fiscal year 1986 and $236,084,000 for fiscal year 1987 for grants to carry out the purposes of this part, in addition to funds available under other Acts for such purposes. Of the amount appropriated for each of the fiscal years 1986 and 1987 pursuant to these authorizations—
(A) 59.65 percent shall be for the United Nations Development Program;
(B) 19.30 percent shall be for the United Nations Children’s Fund;
(C) 7.20 percent shall be for the International Atomic Energy Agency, except that these funds may be contributed to that Agency only if the Secretary of State determines (and so reports to the Congress) that Israel is not being denied its right to participate in the activities of that Agency;
(D) 5.44 percent shall be for Organization of American States development assistance programs;
(E) 3.51 percent shall be for the United Nations Environment Program;
(F) 0.70 percent shall be for the World Meteorological Organization;
(G) 0.70 percent shall be for the United Nations Capital Development Fund;
(H) 0.35 percent shall be for the United Nations Education and Training Program for Southern Africa;
(I) 0.18 percent shall be for the United Nations Voluntary Fund for the Decade for Women;
(J) 0.07 percent shall be for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species;
(K) 0.70 percent shall be for the World Food Program;
(L) 0.18 percent shall be for the United Nations Institute for Namibia;
(M) 0.12 percent shall be for the United Nations Trust Fund for South Africa;
(N) 0.04 percent shall be for the United Nations Voluntary Fund for Victims of Torture;
(O) 0.07 percent shall be for the United Nations Industrial Development Organization;
(P) 0.55 percent shall be for the United Nations Development Program Trust Fund to Combat Poverty and Hunger in Africa;
(Q) 0.97 percent shall be for contributions to international conventions and scientific organizations;
(R) 0.18 percent for the United Nations Centre on Human Settlements (Habitat); and
(S) 0.09 percent shall be for the World Heritage Fund.
(2) The Congress reaffirms its support for the work of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights. To permit such Commission to better fulfill its function of insuring observance and respect for human rights within this hemisphere, not less than $357,000 of the amount appropriated for fiscal year 1976 and $358,000 of the amount appropriated for fiscal year 1977, for contributions to the Organization of American States, shall be used only for budgetary support for the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.
(b) Indus Basin Development
(1) There is authorized to be appropriated to the President for loans for Indus Basin Development to carry out the purposes of this section, in addition to funds available under this chapter or any other Act for such purposes, for use beginning in the fiscal year 1969, $61,220,000. Such amounts are authorized to remain available until expended.
(2) There is authorized to be appropriated to the President for grants for Indus Basin Development, in addition to any other funds available for such purposes, for use in the fiscal year 1974, $14,500,000, and for use in the fiscal year 1975, $14,500,000, and for use beginning in the fiscal year 1976, $27,000,000, which amounts shall remain available until expended. The President shall not exercise any special authority granted to him under section 2360(a) or 2364(a) of this title to transfer any amount appropriated under this paragraph to, and to consolidate such amount with, any funds made available under any other provision of this chapter.
(c) Prohibition against contributions for volunteer manpower programs
(d) Tuberculosis vaccine development programs
(e) to (h) Repealed. Pub. L. 95–424, title VI, § 604, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 961
(i) International Atomic Energy Agency; safeguards and inspections of nuclear fissile facilities and materials
(j) Authorization of appropriations for multilateral and regional drug abuse control programsIn addition to amounts otherwise available under this section for such purposes, there are authorized to be appropriated to the President $3,000,000 for fiscal year 1989 to be available only for United States contributions to multilateral and regional drug abuse control programs. Of the amount authorized to be appropriated by this subsection—
(1) $2,000,000 shall be for a United States contribution to the United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control;
(2) $600,000 shall be for the Organization of American States (OAS) Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) Legal Development Project, except that the proportion which such amount bears to the total amount of contributions to this specific project may not exceed the proportion which the United States contribution to the budget of the Organization of American States for that fiscal year bears to the total contributions to the budget of the Organization of American States for that fiscal year; and
(3) $400,000 shall be for the Organization of American States (OAS) Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) Law Enforcement Training Project, except that the proportion which such amount bears to the total amount of contributions to this specific project may not exceed the proportion which the United States contribution to the budget of the Organization of American States for that fiscal year bears to the total contributions to the budget of the Organization of American States for that fiscal year.
(k) Authorization of appropriations for Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations
(l) Authorization of appropriations for International AIDS Vaccine Initiative
(m) Authorization of appropriations for malaria vaccine development programs
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 302, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 433; Pub. L. 87–565, pt. I, § 107, Aug. 1, 1962, 76 Stat. 259; Pub. L. 88–205, pt. I, § 108, Dec. 16, 1963, 77 Stat. 383; Pub. L. 88–633, pt. I, § 106, Oct. 7, 1964, 78 Stat. 1010; Pub. L. 89–171, pt. I, § 106(b), Sept. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 656; Pub. L. 89–583, pt. I, § 107(d), Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 801; Pub. L. 90–137, pt. I, § 110(b), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 454; Pub. L. 90–554, pt. I, § 108, Oct. 8, 1968, 82 Stat. 962; Pub. L. 91–175, pt. I, § 108(b)–(d), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 819; Pub. L. 92–226, pt. I, § 107, Feb. 7, 1972
§ 2223. Indus Basin development

In the event that funds made available under this chapter (other than subchapter II of this chapter) are used by or under the supervision of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development in furtherance of the development of the Indus Basin through the program of cooperation among South Asian and other countries of the free world, which is designed to promote economic growth and political stability in South Asia, such funds may be used in accordance with requirements, standards, or procedures established by the Bank concerning completion of plans and cost estimates and determination of feasibility, rather than with requirements, standards, or procedures, concerning such matters set forth in this chapter or other Acts; and such funds may also be used without regard to the provisions of section 55305 of title 46, whenever the President determines that such provisions cannot be fully satisfied without seriously impeding or preventing accomplishment of the purposes of such programs: Provided, That compensating allowances are made in the administration of other programs to the same or other areas to which the requirements of said section 55305 of title 46 are applicable.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 303, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 433.)
§ 2224. Repealed. Pub. L. 95–424, title VI, § 604, Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 961
§ 2225. Integration of women

The President is requested to instruct each representative of the United States to each international organization of which the United States is a member (including but not limited to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Asian Development Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the United Nations, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) to carry out their duties with respect to such organizations in such a manner as to encourage and promote the integration of women into the national economies of member and recipient countries and into professional and policy-making positions within such organizations, thereby improving the status of women. The President is further requested, in making United States contributions to such organizations, to take into account the progress, or lack of progress, of such organizations in adopting and implementing policies and practices which encourage and promote the integration of women into the national economies of member and recipient countries, and into professional and policy-making positions within such organizations, in accordance with the World Plan of Action of the Decade for Women.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 305, as added Pub. L. 93–559, § 54, Dec. 30, 1974, 88 Stat. 1818; amended Pub. L. 94–161, title III, § 313(b), Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 866; Pub. L. 95–88, title I, § 118(b), Aug. 3, 1977, 91 Stat. 540.)
§ 2226. Reports on international organizations

The annual reports to the Congress under section 262a of this title, shall be submitted within nine months after the end of the fiscal year to which they relate.

(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 306, as added Pub. L. 96–533, title VII, § 703, Dec. 16, 1980, 94 Stat. 3157; amended Pub. L. 105–362, title XIII, § 1301(b), Nov. 10, 1998, 112 Stat. 3293.)
§ 2227. Withholding of United States proportionate share for certain programs of international organizations
(a) Covered programs
(b) Review and report by Secretary of StateThe Secretary of State—
(1) shall review, at least annually, the budgets and accounts of all international organizations receiving payments of any funds authorized to be appropriated by this part; and
(2) shall report to the appropriate committees of the Congress the amounts of funds expended by each such organization for the purposes described in subsection (a) and the amount contributed by the United States to each such organization.
(c) Exceptions
(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the limitations of subsection (a) shall not apply to contributions to the International Atomic Energy Agency or the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
(2)
(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), with respect to funds authorized to be appropriated by this part and available for the International Atomic Energy Agency, the limitations of subsection (a) shall apply to programs or projects of such Agency in Cuba.
(B)
(i) Subparagraph (A) shall not apply with respect to programs or projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency that provide for the discontinuation, dismantling, or safety inspection of nuclear facilities or related materials, or for inspections and similar activities designed to prevent the development of nuclear weapons by a country described in subsection (a).
(ii) Clause (i) shall not apply with respect to the Juragua Nuclear Power Plant near Cienfuegos, Cuba, or the Pedro Pi Nuclear Research Center unless Cuba—(I) ratifies the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (21 UST 483) or the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (commonly known as the Treaty of Tlatelolco);(II) negotiates full-scope safeguards of the International Atomic Energy Agency not later than two years after ratification by Cuba of such Treaty; and(III) incorporates internationally accepted nuclear safety standards.
(d) Programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Iran
(1) Notwithstanding subsection (c), if the Secretary of State determines that programs and projects of the International Atomic Energy Agency in Iran are inconsistent with United States nuclear nonproliferation and safety goals, will provide Iran with training or expertise relevant to the development of nuclear weapons, or are being used as a cover for the acquisition of sensitive nuclear technology, the limitations of subsection (a) shall apply to such programs and projects, and the Secretary of State shall so notify the appropriate congressional committees (as defined in section 3 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 2003).
(2) A determination made by the Secretary of State under paragraph (1) shall be effective for the 1-year period beginning on the date of the determination.
(Pub. L. 87–195, pt. I, § 307, as added Pub. L. 99–83, title IV, § 403, Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 219; amended Pub. L. 103–236, title IV, § 431(a), Apr. 30, 1994, 108 Stat. 459; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(d) [title V, § 516], div. G, subdiv. B, title XXVIII, § 2809(a), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–150, 2681–174, 2681–849; Pub. L. 107–228, div. B, title XIII, § 1342, Sept. 30, 2002, 116 Stat. 1451; Pub. L. 109–13, div. A, title II, § 2101, May 11, 2005, 119 Stat. 266; Pub. L. 110–161, div. J, title VI, § 616, Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2320.)
§ 2228. International Muslim Youth Opportunity Fund
(a) Purpose
The purpose of this section is to strengthen the public educational systems in predominantly Muslim countries by—
(1) authorizing the establishment of an International Muslim Youth Educational Fund through which the United States dedicates resources, either through a separate fund or through an international organization, to assist those countries that commit to education reform; and
(2) providing resources for the Fund and to the President to help strengthen the public educational systems in those countries.
(b) Establishment of Fund
(1) Authority
(2) Location
The Fund may be established—
(A) as a separate fund in the Treasury; or
(B) through an international organization or international financial institution, such as the United Nations Educational, Science and Cultural Organization, the United Nations Development Program, or the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
(3) Transfers and receipts
(4) Activities of the Fund
The Fund shall support programs described in this paragraph to improve the education environment in predominantly Muslim countries.
(A) Assistance to enhance modern educational programs
(i) The establishment in predominantly Muslim countries of a program of reform to create a modern education curriculum in the public educational systems in such countries.
(ii) The establishment or modernization of educational materials to advance a modern educational curriculum in such systems.
(iii) Teaching English to adults and children.
(iv) The enhancement in predominantly Muslim countries of community, family, and student participation in the formulation and implementation of education strategies and programs in such countries.
(B) Assistance for training and exchange programs for teachers, administrators, and students
(i) The establishment of training programs for teachers and educational administrators to enhance skills, including the establishment of regional centers to train individuals who can transfer such skills upon return to their countries.
(ii) The establishment of exchange programs for teachers and administrators in predominantly Muslim countries and with other countries to stimulate additional ideas and reform throughout the world, including teacher training exchange programs focused on primary school teachers in such countries.
(iii) The establishment of exchange programs for primary and secondary students in predominantly Muslim countries and with other countries to foster understanding and tolerance and to stimulate long-standing relationships.
(C) Assistance targeting primary and secondary students
(i) The establishment in predominantly Muslim countries of after-school programs, civic education programs, and education programs focusing on life skills, such as inter-personal skills and social relations and skills for healthy living, such as nutrition and physical fitness.
(ii) The establishment in predominantly Muslim countries of programs to improve the proficiency of primary and secondary students in information technology skills.
(D) Assistance for development of youth professionals
(i) The establishment of programs in predominantly Muslim countries to improve vocational training in trades to help strengthen participation of Muslims and Arabs in the economic development of their countries.
(ii) The establishment of programs in predominantly Muslim countries that target older Muslim youths not in school in such areas as entrepreneurial skills, accounting, micro-finance activities, work training, financial literacy, and information technology.
(E) Other types of assistance
(i) The translation of foreign books, newspapers, reference guides, and other reading materials into local languages.
(ii) The construction and equipping of modern community and university libraries.
(5) Authorization of appropriations
(A) In general
(B) Availability
(C) Additional funds
(6) Report to Congress
(7) Appropriate congressional committees defined
(Pub. L. 108–458, title VII, § 7114, Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3798; Pub. L. 110–53, title XX, § 2012, Aug. 3, 2007, 121 Stat. 509.)