22 USC 8541 - Definitions

Collapse to view only § 8541. Definitions

§ 8541. Definitions
§ 8542. Identification of countries of concern with respect to the diversion of certain goods, services, and technologies to or through Iran
§ 8543. Destinations of Diversion Concern
§ 8544. Enforcement authority

§ 8541. Definitions

In this subchapter:

(1) Allow

(2) Appropriate congressional committees

The term “appropriate congressional committees” means—

(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and

(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives.

(3) Commerce Control List

(4) Divert; diversion

(5) End-user

(6) Export Administration Regulations

(7) Government

(8) Intermediary

(9) International Traffic in Arms Regulations

(10) Iran

(11) Iranian end-user

(12) Iranian intermediary

(13) State sponsor of terrorism

The term “state sponsor of terrorism” means any country the government of which the Secretary of State has determined has repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism pursuant to—

(A) section 4605(j)(1)(A) 1

1 See References in Text note below.

of title 50 (or any successor thereto);

(B)section 2780(d) of this title; or

(C)section 2371(a) of this title.

(14) United States Munitions List

(Pub. L. 111–195, title III, § 301, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1345.)

§ 8542. Identification of countries of concern with respect to the diversion of certain goods, services, and technologies to or through Iran

(a) In general

(b) Goods, services, and technologies describedGoods, services, or technologies described in this subsection are goods, services, or technologies—

(1) that—

(A) originated in the United States;

(B) would make a material contribution to Iran’s—

(i) development of nuclear, chemical, or biological weapons;

(ii) ballistic missile or advanced conventional weapons capabilities; or

(iii) support for international terrorism; and

(i) items on the Commerce Control List or services related to those items; or

(ii) defense articles or defense services on the United States Munitions List; or

(2) that are prohibited for export to Iran under a resolution of the United Nations Security Council.

(1) as new information becomes available; and

(2) not less frequently than annually.

(d) Form

(Pub. L. 111–195, title III, § 302, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1346.)

§ 8543. Destinations of Diversion Concern

(a) Designation

(1) In general

(2) Determination of substantialFor purposes of paragraph (1), the President shall determine whether the government of a country allows substantial diversion of goods, services, or technologies described in section 8542(b) of this title through the country to Iranian end-users or Iranian intermediaries based on criteria that include—

(A) the volume of such goods, services, and technologies that are diverted through the country to such end-users or intermediaries;

(B) the inadequacy of the export controls of the country;

(C) the unwillingness or demonstrated inability of the government of the country to control the diversion of such goods, services, and technologies to such end-users or intermediaries; and

(D) the unwillingness or inability of the government of the country to cooperate with the United States in efforts to interdict the diversion of such goods, services, or technologies to such end-users or intermediaries.

(b) Report on designationUpon designating a country as a Destination of Diversion Concern under subsection (a), the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report—

(1) notifying those committees of the designation of the country; and

(2) containing a list of the goods, services, and technologies described in section 8542(b) of this title that the President determines are diverted through the country to Iranian end-users or Iranian intermediaries.

(d) Delay of imposition of licensing requirement

(1) In generalThe President may delay the imposition of the licensing requirement under subsection (c) with respect to a country designated as a Destination of Diversion Concern under subsection (a) for a 12-month period if the President—

(A) determines that the government of the country is taking steps—

(i) to institute an export control system or strengthen the export control system of the country;

(ii) to interdict the diversion of goods, services, or technologies described in section 8542(b) of this title through the country to Iranian end-users or Iranian intermediaries; and

(iii) to comply with and enforce United Nations Security Council Resolutions 1696 (2006), 1737 (2006), 1747 (2007), 1803 (2008), and 1929 (2010), and any other resolution that is agreed to by the Security Council and imposes sanctions with respect to Iran;

(B) determines that it is appropriate to carry out government-to-government activities to strengthen the export control system of the country; and

(C) submits to the appropriate congressional committees a report describing the steps specified in subparagraph (A) being taken by the government of the country.

(2) Additional 12-month periodsThe President may delay the imposition of the licensing requirement under subsection (c) with respect to a country designated as a Destination of Diversion Concern under subsection (a) for additional 12-month periods after the 12-month period referred to in paragraph (1) if the President, for each such 12-month period—

(A) makes the determinations described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) with respect to the country; and

(B) submits to the appropriate congressional committees an updated version of the report required by subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1).

(3) Strengthening export control systemsIf the President determines under paragraph (1)(B) that is it appropriate to carry out government-to-government activities to strengthen the export control system of a country designated as a Destination of Diversion Concern under subsection (a), the United States shall initiate government-to-government activities that may include—

(A) cooperation by agencies and departments of the United States with counterpart agencies and departments in the country—

(i) to develop or strengthen the export control system of the country;

(ii) to strengthen cooperation among agencies of the country and with the United States and facilitate enforcement of the export control system of the country; and

(iii) to promote information and data exchanges among agencies of the country and with the United States;

(B) training officials of the country to strengthen the export control systems of the country—

(i) to facilitate legitimate trade in goods, services, and technologies; and

(ii) to prevent terrorists and state sponsors of terrorism, including Iran, from obtaining nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons, defense technologies, components for improvised explosive devices, and other defense articles; and

(C) encouraging the government of the country to participate in the Proliferation Security Initiative, such as by entering into a ship boarding agreement pursuant to the Initiative.

(e) Termination of designation

(f) Form of reports

(Pub. L. 111–195, title III, § 303, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1347.)

§ 8544. Enforcement authorityThe Secretary of Commerce may designate any employee of the Office of Export Enforcement of the Department of Commerce to conduct activities specified in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) of section 12(a)(3)(B) of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2411(a)(3)(B)) 1

1 See References in Text note below.

when the employee is carrying out activities to enforce—

(1) the provisions of the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2401 et seq.) 1 (as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.));

(2) the provisions of this subchapter, or any other provision of law relating to export controls, with respect to which the Secretary of Commerce has enforcement responsibility; or

(3) any license, order, or regulation issued under—

(A) the Export Administration Act of 1979 (50 U.S.C. App. 2401 et seq.) 1 (as in effect pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)); or

(B) a provision of law referred to in paragraph (2).

(Pub. L. 111–195, title III, § 305, July 1, 2010, 124 Stat. 1349.)