26 USC 9001 - Short title

Collapse to view only § 9001. Short title

§ 9001. Short title
§ 9002. Definitions
§ 9003. Condition for eligibility for payments
§ 9004. Entitlement of eligible candidates to payments
§ 9005. Certification by Commission
§ 9006. Payments to eligible candidates
§ 9007. Examinations and audits; repayments
§ 9008. Payments for presidential nominating conventions
§ 9009. Reports to Congress; regulations
§ 9010. Participation by Commission in judicial proceedings
§ 9011. Judicial review
§ 9012. Criminal penalties
[§ 9013. Repealed.

§ 9001. Short title

This chapter may be cited as the “Presidential Election Campaign Fund Act”.

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 563.)

§ 9002. DefinitionsFor purposes of this chapter—

(1) The term “authorized committee” means, with respect to the candidates of a political party for President and Vice President of the United States, any political committee which is authorized in writing by such candidates to incur expenses to further the election of such candidates. Such authorization shall be addressed to the chairman of such political committee, and a copy of such authorization shall be filed by such candidates with the Commission. Any withdrawal of any authorization shall also be in writing and shall be addressed and filed in the same manner as the authorization.

(2) The term “candidate” means, with respect to any presidential election, an individual who (A) has been nominated for election to the office of President of the United States or the office of Vice President of the United States by a major party, or (B) has qualified to have his name on the election ballot (or to have the names of electors pledged to him on the election ballot) as the candidate of a political party for election to either such office in 10 or more States. For purposes of paragraphs (6) and (7) of this section and purposes of section 9004(a)(2), the term “candidate” means, with respect to any preceding presidential election, an individual who received popular votes for the office of President in such election. The term “candidate” shall not include any individual who has ceased actively to seek election to the office of President of the United States or to the office of Vice President of the United States, in more than one State.

(3) The term “Commission” means the Federal Election Commission established by section 306(a)(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.

(4) The term “eligible candidates” means the candidates of a political party for President and Vice President of the United States who have met all applicable conditions for eligibility to receive payments under this chapter set forth in section 9003.

(5) The term “fund” means the Presidential Election Campaign Fund established by section 9006(a).

(6) The term “major party” means, with respect to any presidential election, a political party whose candidate for the office of President in the preceding presidential election received, as the candidate of such party, 25 percent or more of the total number of popular votes received by all candidates for such office.

(7) The term “minor party” means, with respect to any presidential election, a political party whose candidate for the office of President in the preceding presidential election received, as the candidate of such party, 5 percent or more but less than 25 percent of the total number of popular votes received by all candidates for such office.

(8) The term “new party” means, with respect to any presidential election, a political party which is neither a major party nor a minor party.

(9) The term “political committee” means any committee, association, or organization (whether or not incorporated) which accepts contributions or makes expenditures for the purpose of influencing, or attempting to influence, the nomination or election of one or more individuals to Federal, State, or local elective public office.

(10) The term “presidential election” means the election of presidential and vice-presidential electors.

(11) The term “qualified campaign expense” means an expense—

(A) incurred (i) by the candidate of a political party for the office of President to further his election to such office or to further the election of the candidate of such political party for the office of Vice President, or both (ii) by the candidate of a political party for the office of Vice President to further his election to such office or to further the election of the candidate of such political party for the office of President, or both, or (iii) by an authorized committee of the candidates of a political party for the offices of President and Vice President to further the election of either or both of such candidates to such offices,

(B) incurred within the expenditure report period (as defined in paragraph (12)), or incurred before the beginning of such period to the extent such expense is for property, services, or facilities used during such period, and

(C) neither the incurring nor payment of which constitutes a violation of any law of the United States or of the State in which such expense is incurred or paid.

An expense shall be considered as incurred by a candidate or an authorized committee if it is incurred by a person authorized by such candidate or such committee, as the case may be, to incur such expense on behalf of such candidate or such committee. If an authorized committee of the candidates of a political party for President and Vice President of the United States also incurs expenses to further the election of one or more other individuals to Federal, State, or local elective public office, expenses incurred by such committee which are not specifically to further the election of such other individual or individuals shall be considered as incurred to further the election of such candidates for President and Vice President in such proportion as the Commission prescribes by rules or regulations.

(12) The term “expenditure report period” with respect to any presidential election means—

(A) in the case of a major party, the period beginning with the first day of September before the election, or, if earlier, with the date on which such major party at its national convention nominated its candidate for election to the office of President of the United States, and ending 30 days after the date of the presidential election; and

(B) in the case of a party which is not a major party, the same period as the expenditure report period of the major party which has the shortest expenditure report period for such presidential election under subparagraph (A).

(Added

§ 9003. Condition for eligibility for payments

(a) In general

In order to be eligible to receive any payments under section 9006, the candidates of a political party in a presidential election shall, in writing—

(1) agree to obtain and furnish to the Commission such evidence as it may request of the qualified campaign expenses of such candidates,

(2) agree to keep and furnish to the Commission such records, books, and other information as it may request, and

(3) agree to an audit and examination by the Commission under section 9007 and to pay any amounts required to be paid under such section.

(b) Major parties

In order to be eligible to receive any payments under section 9006, the candidates of a major party in a presidential election shall certify to the Commission, under penalty of perjury, that—

(1) such candidates and their authorized committees will not incur qualified campaign expenses in excess of the aggregate payments to which they will be entitled under section 9004, and

(2) no contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses have been or will be accepted by such candidates or any of their authorized committees except to the extent necessary to make up any deficiency in payments received out of the fund on account of the application of section 9006(c), and no contributions to defray expenses which would be qualified campaign expenses but for subparagraph (C) of section 9002(11) have been or will be accepted by such candidates or any of their authorized committees.

Such certification shall be made within such time prior to the day of the presidential election as the Commission shall prescribe by rules or regulations.

In order to be eligible to receive any payments under section 9006, the candidates of a minor or new party in a presidential election shall certify to the Commission, under penalty of perjury, that—

(1) such candidates and their authorized committees will not incur qualified campaign expenses in excess of the aggregate payments to which the eligible candidates of a major party are entitled under section 9004, and

(2) such candidates and their authorized committees will accept and expend or retain contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses only to the extent that the qualified campaign expenses incurred by such candidates and their authorized committees certified to under paragraph (1) exceed the aggregate payments received by such candidates out of the fund pursuant to section 9006.

Such certification shall be made within such time prior to the day of the presidential election as the Commission shall prescribe by rules or regulations.

(d) Withdrawal by candidate

In any case in which an individual ceases to be a candidate as a result of the operation of the last sentence of section 9002(2), such individual—

(1) shall no longer be eligible to receive any payments under section 9006, except that such individual shall be eligible to receive payments under such section to defray qualified campaign expenses incurred while actively seeking election to the office of President of the United States or to the office of Vice President of the United States in more than one State; and

(2) shall pay to the Secretary, as soon as practicable after the date upon which such individual ceases to be a candidate, an amount equal to the amount of payments received by such individual under section 9006 which are not used to defray qualified campaign expenses.

(e) Closed captioning requirement

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 564; amended Pub. L. 93–53, § 6(c), July 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 139; Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, §§ 404(c)(4), (5), 405(b), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1292, 1294; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, § 306(a)(2), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 500; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(A), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1834; Pub. L. 102–393, title V, § 534(a), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1764; Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(a)(338), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1200.)

§ 9004. Entitlement of eligible candidates to payments

(a) In general

Subject to the provisions of this chapter—

(1) The eligible candidates of each major party in a presidential election shall be entitled to equal payments under section 9006 in an amount which, in the aggregate, shall not exceed the expenditure limitations applicable to such candidates under section 315(b)(1)(B) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971.

(2)

(A) The eligible candidates of a minor party in a presidential election shall be entitled to payments under section 9006 equal in the aggregate to an amount which bears the same ratio to the amount allowed under paragraph (1) for a major party as the number of popular votes received by the candidate for President of the minor party, as such candidate, in the preceding presidential election bears to the average number of popular votes received by the candidates for President of the major parties in the preceding presidential election.

(B) If the candidate of one or more political parties (not including a major party) for the office of President was a candidate for such office in the preceding presidential election and received 5 percent or more but less than 25 percent of the total number of popular votes received by all candidates for such office, such candidate and his running mate for the office of Vice President, upon compliance with the provisions of section 9003(a) and (c), shall be treated as eligible candidates entitled to payments under section 9006 in an amount computed as provided in subparagraph (A) by taking into account all the popular votes received by such candidate for the office of President in the preceding presidential election. If eligible candidates of a minor party are entitled to payments under this subparagraph, such entitlement shall be reduced by the amount of the entitlement allowed under subparagraph (A).

(3) The eligible candidates of a minor party or a new party in a presidential election whose candidate for President in such election receives, as such candidate, 5 percent or more of the total number of popular votes cast for the office of President in such election shall be entitled to payments under section 9006 equal in the aggregate to an amount which bears the same ratio to the amount allowed under paragraph (1) for a major party as the number of popular votes received by such candidate in such election bears to the average number of popular votes received in such election by the candidates for President of the major parties. In the case of eligible candidates entitled to payments under paragraph (2), the amount allowable under this paragraph shall be limited to the amount, if any, by which the entitlement under the preceding sentence exceeds the amount of the entitlement under paragraph (2).

(b) Limitations

The aggregate payments to which the eligible candidates of a political party shall be entitled under subsections (a)(2) and (3) with respect to a presidential election shall not exceed an amount equal to the lower of—

(1) the amount of qualified campaign expenses incurred by such eligible candidates and their authorized committees, reduced by the amount of contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses received and expended or retained by such eligible candidates and such committees, or

(2) the aggregate payments to which the eligible candidates of a major party are entitled under subsection (a)(1), reduced by the amount of contributions described in paragraph (1) of this subsection.

The eligible candidates of a political party shall be entitled to payments under subsection (a) only—

(1) to defray qualified campaign expenses incurred by such eligible candidates or their authorized committees, or

(2) to repay loans the proceeds of which were used to defray such qualified campaign expenses, or otherwise to restore funds (other than contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses received and expended by such candidates or such committees) used to defray such qualified campaign expenses.

(d) Expenditures from personal funds

(e) Definition of immediate family

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 565; amended Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, § 404(a), (b), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1291; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, §§ 301(a), 307(d), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 497, 501; Pub. L. 110–172, § 11(a)(42)(B), Dec. 29, 2007, 121 Stat. 2488.)

§ 9005. Certification by Commission

(a) Initial certifications

(b) Finality of certifications and determinations

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 566; amended Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, §§ 404(c)(6), (7), 405(a), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1292, 1293; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(C), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1834.)

§ 9006. Payments to eligible candidates

(a) Establishment of campaign fund

(b) Payments from the fund

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 567; amended Pub. L. 93–53, § 6(b), July 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 138; Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, §§ 403(a), 404(c)(8), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1291, 1292; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, § 302, May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 498; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, §§ 1906(b)(13)(A), (B), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1834; Pub. L. 110–172, § 11(a)(43), Dec. 29, 2007, 121 Stat. 2488; Pub. L. 113–94, § 2(b)(1), Apr. 3, 2014, 128 Stat. 1085.)

§ 9007. Examinations and audits; repayments

(a) Examinations and audits

(b) Repayments

(1) If the Commission determines that any portion of the payments made to the eligible candidates of a political party under section 9006 was in excess of the aggregate payments to which candidates were entitled under section 9004, it shall so notify such candidates, and such candidates shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury an amount equal to such portion.

(2) If the Commission determines that the eligible candidates of a political party and their authorized committees incurred qualified campaign expenses in excess of the aggregate payments to which the eligible candidates of a major party were entitled under section 9004, it shall notify such candidates of the amount of such excess and such candidates shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury an amount equal to such amount.

(3) If the Commission determines that the eligible candidates of a major party or any authorized committee of such candidates accepted contributions (other than contributions to make up deficiencies in payments out of the fund on account of the application of section 9006(c)) to defray qualified campaign expenses (other than qualified campaign expenses with respect to which payment is required under paragraph (2)), it shall notify such candidates of the amount of the contributions so accepted, and such candidates shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury an amount equal to such amount.

(4) If the Commission determines that any amount of any payment made to the eligible candidates of a political party under section 9006 was used for any purpose other than—

(A) to defray the qualified campaign expenses with respect to which such payment was made, or

(B) to repay loans the proceeds of which were used, or otherwise to restore funds (other than contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses which were received and expended) which were used to defray such qualified campaign expenses,

it shall notify such candidates of the amount so used, and such candidates shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury an amount equal to such amount.

(5) No payment shall be required from the eligible candidates of a political party under this subsection to the extent that such payment, when added to other payments required from such candidates under this subsection, exceeds the amount of payments received by such candidates under section 9006.

(d) Deposit of repayments

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 568; amended Pub. L. 93–53, § 6(c), July 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 139; Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, § 404(c)(9)–(11), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1292; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, § 307(e), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 502; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(B), (C), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1834.)

§ 9008. Payments for presidential nominating conventions

(a) Establishment of accounts

(b) Entitlement to payments from the fund

(1) Major parties

(2) Minor parties

(3) Payments

(4) Limitation

(5) Adjustment of entitlements

No part of any payment made under subsection (b) shall be used to defray the expenses of any candidate or delegate who is participating in any presidential nominating convention. Such payments shall be used only—

(1) to defray expenses incurred with respect to a presidential nominating convention (including the payment of deposits) by or on behalf of the national committee receiving such payments; or

(2) to repay loans the proceeds of which were used to defray such expenses, or otherwise to restore funds (other than contributions to defray such expenses received by such committee) used to defray such expenses.

(d) Limitation of expenditures

(1) Major parties

(2) Minor parties

(3) Exception

(4) Provision of legal or accounting services

(e) Availability of payments

(f) Transfer to the fund

(g) Certification by Commission

(h) Repayments

(i) Termination of payments for conventions; use of amounts for pediatric research initiative

Effective on the date of the enactment of the Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act—

(1) the entitlement of any major party or minor party to a payment under this section shall terminate; and

(2) all amounts in each account maintained for the national committee of a major party or minor party under this section shall be transferred to a fund in the Treasury to be known as the “10-Year Pediatric Research Initiative Fund”, which shall be available only for the purpose provided in section 402A(a)(2) of the Public Health Service Act, and only to the extent and in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation Acts.

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 569; amended Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, § 406(a), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1294; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, §§ 303, 307(a), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 498, 501; Pub. L. 96–187, title II, § 202, Jan. 8, 1980, 93 Stat. 1368; Pub. L. 98–355, § 1(a), (b), July 11, 1984, 98 Stat. 394; Pub. L. 113–94, § 2(a), Apr. 3, 2014, 128 Stat. 1085.)

§ 9009. Reports to Congress; regulations

(a) Reports

The Commission shall, as soon as practicable after each presidential election, submit a full report to the Senate and House of Representatives setting forth—

(1) the qualified campaign expenses (shown in such detail as the Commission determines necessary) incurred by the candidates of each political party and their authorized committees;

(2) the amounts certified by it under section 9005 for payment to the eligible candidates of each political party; and

(3) the amount of payments, if any, required from such candidates under section 9007, and the reasons for each payment required.

Each report submitted pursuant to this section shall be printed as a Senate document.

(b) Regulations, etc.

(1) The Commission, before prescribing any rule or regulation under subsection (b), shall transmit a statement with respect to such rule or regulation to the Senate and to the House of Representatives, in accordance with the provisions of this subsection. Such statement shall set forth the proposed rule or regulation and shall contain a detailed explanation and justification of such rule or regulation.

(2) If either such House does not, through appropriate action, disapprove the proposed rule or regulation set forth in such statement no later than 30 legislative days after receipt of such statement, then the Commission may prescribe such rule or regulation. Whenever a committee of the House of Representatives reports any resolution relating to any such rule or regulation, it is at any time thereafter in order (even though a previous motion to the same effect has been disagreed to) to move to proceed to the consideration of the resolution. The motion is highly privileged and is not debatable. An amendment to the motion is not in order, and it is not in order to move to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to. The Commission may not prescribe any rule or regulation which is disapproved by either such House under this paragraph.

(3) For purposes of this subsection, the term “legislative days” does not include any calendar day on which both Houses of the Congress are not in session.

(4) For purposes of this subsection, the term “rule or regulation” means a provision or series of interrelated provisions stating a single separable rule of law.

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 569; amended Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, §§ 404(c)(12), (13), 406(b)(1), 409, Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1292, 1293, 1296, 1303; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, § 304(a), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 498; Pub. L. 113–94, § 2(c)(1), Apr. 3, 2014, 128 Stat. 1085.)

§ 9010. Participation by Commission in judicial proceedings

(a) Appearance by counsel

(b) Recovery of certain payments

(d) Appeal

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 569; amended Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, § 404(c)(14)–(18), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1293; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(C), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1834; Pub. L. 98–620, title IV, § 402(28)(E), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3359.)

§ 9011. Judicial review

(a) Review of certification, determination, or other action by the Commission

(b) Suits to implement chapter

(1) The Commission, the national committee of any political party, and individuals eligible to vote for President are authorized to institute such actions, including actions for declaratory judgment or injunctive relief, as may be appropriate to implement or construe any provision of this chapter.

(2) The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of proceedings instituted pursuant to this subsection and shall exercise the same without regard to whether a person asserting rights under provisions of this subsection shall have exhausted any administrative or other remedies that may be provided at law. Such proceedings shall be heard and determined by a court of three judges in accordance with the provisions of section 2284 of title 28, United States Code, and any appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court.

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 570; amended Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, § 404(c)(19)–(21), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1293; Pub. L. 98–620, title IV, § 402(28)(F), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3359; Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(a)(339), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1200.)

§ 9012. Criminal penalties

(a) Excess expenses

(1) It shall be unlawful for an eligible candidate of a political party for President and Vice President in a presidential election or any of his authorized committees knowingly and willfully to incur qualified campaign expenses in excess of the aggregate payments to which the eligible candidates of a major party are entitled under section 9004 with respect to such election.

(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year or both. In the case of a violation by an authorized committee, any officer or member of such committee who knowingly and willfully consents to such violation shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(b) Contributions

(1) It shall be unlawful for an eligible candidate of a major party in a presidential election or any of his authorized committees knowingly and willfully to accept any contribution to defray qualified campaign expenses, except to the extent necessary to make up any deficiency in payments received out of the fund on account of the application of section 9006(c), or to defray expenses which would be qualified campaign expenses but for subparagraph (C) of section 9002(11).

(2) It shall be unlawful for an eligible candidate of a political party (other than a major party) in a presidential election or any of his authorized committees knowingly and willfully to accept and expend or retain contributions to defray qualified campaign expenses in an amount which exceeds the qualified campaign expenses incurred with respect to such election by such eligible candidate and his authorized committees.

(3) Any person who violates paragraph (1) or (2) shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. In the case of a violation by an authorized committee, any officer or member of such committee who knowingly and willfully consents to such violation shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person who receives any payment under section 9006, or to whom any portion of any payment received under such section is transferred, knowingly and willfully to use, or authorize the use of, such payment or such portion for any purpose other than—

(A) to defray the qualified campaign expenses with respect to which such payment was made, or

(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.

(d) False statements, etc.

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly and willfully—

(A) to furnish any false, fictitious, or fraudulent evidence, books, or information to the Commission under this subtitle, or to include in any evidence, books, or information so furnished any misrepresentation of a material fact, or to falsify or conceal any evidence, books, or information relevant to a certification by the Commission or an examination and audit by the Commission under this chapter; or

(B) to fail to furnish to the Commission any records, books, or information requested by it for purposes of this chapter.

(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.

(e) Kickbacks and illegal payments

(1) It shall be unlawful for any person knowingly and willfully to give or accept any kickback or any illegal payment in connection with any qualified campaign expense of eligible candidates or their authorized committees.

(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $10,000, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.

(3) In addition to the penalty provided by paragraph (2), any person who accepts any kickback or illegal payment in connection with any qualified campaign expense of eligible candidates or their authorized committees shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury, for deposit in the general fund of the Treasury, an amount equal to 125 percent of the kickback or payment received.

(f) Unauthorized expenditures and contributions

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be unlawful for any political committee which is not an authorized committee with respect to the eligible candidates of a political party for President and Vice President in a presidential election knowingly and willfully to incur expenditures to further the election of such candidates, which would constitute qualified campaign expenses if incurred by an authorized committee of such candidates, in an aggregate amount exceeding $1,000.

(2) This subsection shall not apply to (A) expenditures by a broadcaster regulated by the Federal Communications Commission, or by a periodical publication, in reporting the news or in taking editorial positions, or (B) expenditures by any organization described in section 501(c) which is exempt from tax under section 501(a) in communicating to its members the views of that organization.

(3) Any political committee which violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $5,000, and any officer or member of such committee who knowingly and willfully consents to such violation and any other individual who knowingly and willfully violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(g) Unauthorized disclosure of information

(1) It shall be unlawful for any individual to disclose any information obtained under the provisions of this chapter except as may be required by law.

(2) Any person who violates paragraph (1) shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both.

(Added Pub. L. 92–178, title VIII, § 801, Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 570; amended Pub. L. 93–53, § 6(c), July 1, 1973, 87 Stat. 139; Pub. L. 93–443, title IV, §§ 404(c)(22), 406(b)(2)–(6), Oct. 15, 1974, 88 Stat. 1293, 1296; Pub. L. 94–283, title III, § 307(f), May 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 502; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, § 1906(b)(13)(C), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1834; Pub. L. 113–94, § 2(c)(2), Apr. 3, 2014, 128 Stat. 1086.)

[§ 9013. Repealed. Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, § 401(d)(8), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1212]