1. U.S. Code
  2. title 46
  3. subtitle III
  4. chapter 301
  5. § 30104

Collapse to view only § 30104. Personal injury to or death of seamen

§ 30101. Extension of jurisdiction to cases of damage or injury on land
(a)In General.—The admiralty and maritime jurisdiction of the United States extends to and includes cases of injury or damage, to person or property, caused by a vessel on navigable waters, even though the injury or damage is done or consummated on land.
(b)Procedure.—A civil action in a case under subsection (a) may be brought in rem or in personam according to the principles of law and the rules of practice applicable in cases where the injury or damage has been done and consummated on navigable waters.
(c)Actions Against United States.—
(1)Exclusive remedy.—In a civil action against the United States for injury or damage done or consummated on land by a vessel on navigable waters, chapter 309 or 311 of this title, as appropriate, provides the exclusive remedy.
(2)Administrative claim.—A civil action described in paragraph (1) may not be brought until the expiration of the 6-month period after the claim has been presented in writing to the agency owning or operating the vessel causing the injury or damage.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1509.)

CITE AS: 46 USC 30101

§ 30102. Liability to passengers
(a)Liability.—The owner and master of a vessel, and the vessel, are liable for personal injury to a passenger or damage to a passenger’s baggage caused by—
(1) a neglect or failure to comply with part B or F of subtitle II of this title; or
(2) a known defect in the steaming apparatus or hull of the vessel.
(b)Not Subject to Limitation.—A liability imposed under this section is not subject to limitation under chapter 305 of this title.
(

CITE AS: 46 USC 30102

§ 30103. Liability of master, mate, engineer, and pilot
A person may bring a civil action against a master, mate, engineer, or pilot of a vessel, and recover damages, for personal injury or loss caused by the master’s, mate’s, engineer’s, or pilot’s—
(1) negligence or willful misconduct; or
(2) neglect or refusal to obey the laws governing the navigation of vessels.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1510.)

CITE AS: 46 USC 30103

§ 30104. Personal injury to or death of seamen
(a)In General.—A seaman injured in the course of employment or, if the seaman dies from the injury, the personal representative of the seaman may elect to bring a civil action at law, with the right of trial by jury, against the employer. Laws of the United States regulating recovery for personal injury to, or death of, a railway employee apply to an action under this section.
(b)Limitation on Recovery by Aquaculture Workers.—
(1)In general.—For purposes of subsection (a), the term “seaman” does not include an individual who—
(A) is an aquaculture worker if State workers’ compensation is available to such individual; and
(B) was, at the time of injury, engaged in aquaculture in a place where such individual had lawful access.
(2)Aquaculture worker defined.—In this subsection, the term “aquaculture worker” means an individual who—
(A) is employed by a commercial enterprise that is involved in the controlled cultivation and harvest of aquatic plants and animals, including—
(i) the cleaning, processing, or canning of fish and fish products;
(ii) the cultivation and harvesting of shellfish; and
(iii) the controlled growing and harvesting of other aquatic species;
(B) does not hold a license issued under section 7101(c); and
(C) is not required to hold a merchant mariner credential under part F of subtitle II.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1510; Pub. L. 110–181, div. C, title XXXV, § 3521(a), Jan. 28, 2008, 122 Stat. 596; Pub. L. 117–263, div. K, title CXV, § 11520(a), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 4142.)

CITE AS: 46 USC 30104

§ 30105. Restriction on recovery by non-citizens and non-resident aliens for incidents in waters of other countries
(a)Definition.—In this section, the term “continental shelf” has the meaning given that term in article I of the 1958 Convention on the Continental Shelf.
(b)Restriction.—Except as provided in subsection (c), a civil action for maintenance and cure or for damages for personal injury or death may not be brought under a maritime law of the United States if—
(1) the individual suffering the injury or death was not a citizen or permanent resident alien of the United States at the time of the incident giving rise to the action;
(2) the incident occurred in the territorial waters or waters overlaying the continental shelf of a country other than the United States; and
(3) the individual suffering the injury or death was employed at the time of the incident by a person engaged in the exploration, development, or production of offshore mineral or energy resources, including drilling, mapping, surveying, diving, pipelaying, maintaining, repairing, constructing, or transporting supplies, equipment, or personnel, but not including transporting those resources by a vessel constructed or adapted primarily to carry oil in bulk in the cargo spaces.
(c)Nonapplication.—Subsection (b) does not apply if the individual bringing the action establishes that a remedy is not available under the laws of—
(1) the country asserting jurisdiction over the area in which the incident occurred; or
(2) the country in which the individual suffering the injury or death maintained citizenship or residency at the time of the incident.
(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1510.)

CITE AS: 46 USC 30105

§ 30106. Time limit on bringing maritime action for personal injury or death

Except as otherwise provided by law, a civil action for damages for personal injury or death arising out of a maritime tort must be brought within 3 years after the cause of action arose.

(Pub. L. 109–304, § 6(c), Oct. 6, 2006, 120 Stat. 1511.)

CITE AS: 46 USC 30106