Collapse to view only § 1421f-1. Acknowledgment of deeds

§ 1421. Territory included under name Guam

The territory ceded to the United States in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty of Peace between the United States and Spain, signed at Paris, December 10, 1898, and proclaimed April 11, 1899, and known as the island of Guam in the Marianas Islands, shall continue to be known as Guam.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 2, 64 Stat. 384.)
§ 1421a. Unincorporated territory; capital; powers of government; suits against government; type of government; supervision

Guam is declared to be an unincorporated territory of the United States and the capital and seat of government thereof shall be located at the city of Agana, Guam. The government of Guam shall have the powers set forth in this chapter, shall have power to sue by such name, and, with the consent of the legislature evidenced by enacted law, may be sued upon any contract entered into with respect to, or any tort committed incident to, the exercise by the government of Guam of any of its lawful powers. The government of Guam shall consist of three branches, executive, legislative, and judicial, and its relations with the Federal Government in all matters not the program responsibility of another Federal department or agency, shall be under the general administrative supervision of the Secretary of the Interior.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 3, 64 Stat. 384; Pub. L. 86–316, Sept. 21, 1959, 73 Stat. 588; Pub. L. 90–497, § 12(a), Sept. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 847.)
§ 1421b. Bill of rights
(a) No law shall be enacted in Guam respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and to petition the government for a redress of their grievances.
(b) No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
(c) The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrant for arrest or search shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the person or things to be seized.
(d) No person shall be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of punishment; nor shall he be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself.
(e) No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law.
(f) Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compensation.
(g) In all criminal prosecutions the accused shall have the right to a speedy and public trial; to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation and to have a copy thereof; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.
(h) Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
(i) Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist in Guam.
(j) No bill of attainder, ex post facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts shall be enacted.
(k) No person shall be imprisoned for debt.
(l) The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless, when in cases of rebellion or invasion or imminent danger thereof, the public safety shall require it.
(m) No qualification with respect to property, income, political opinion, or any other matter apart from citizenship, civil capacity, and residence shall be imposed upon any voter.
(n) No discrimination shall be made in Guam against any person on account of race, language, or religion, nor shall the equal protection of the laws be denied.
(o) No person shall be convicted of treason against the United States unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court.
(p) No public money or property shall ever be appropriated, supplied, donated, or used, directly or indirectly, for the use, benefit, or support of any sect, church, denomination, sectarian institution, or association, or system of religion, or for the use, benefit, or support of any priest, preacher, minister, or other religious teacher or dignitary as such.
(q) The employment of children under the age of fourteen years in any occupation injurious to health or morals or hazardous to life or limb is hereby prohibited.
(r) There shall be compulsory education for all children, between the ages of six and sixteen years.
(s) No religious test shall ever be required as a qualification to any office or public trust under the government of Guam.
(t) No person who advocates, or who aids or belongs to any party, organization, or association which advocates, the overthrow by force or violence of the government of Guam or of the United States shall be qualified to hold any public office of trust or profit under the government of Guam.
(u) The following provisions of and amendments to the Constitution of the United States are hereby extended to Guam to the extent that they have not been previously extended to that territory and shall have the same force and effect there as in the United States or in any State of the United States: article I, section 9, clauses 2 and 3; article IV, section 1 and section 2, clause 1; the first to ninth amendments inclusive; the thirteenth amendment; the second sentence of section 1 of the fourteenth amendment; and the fifteenth and nineteenth amendments.

All laws enacted by Congress with respect to Guam and all laws enacted by the territorial legislature of Guam which are inconsistent with the provisions of this subsection are repealed to the extent of such inconsistency.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 5, 64 Stat. 385; Pub. L. 90–497, § 10, Sept. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 847.)
§ 1421c. Certain laws continued in force; modification or repeal of laws
(a) The laws of Guam in force on August 1, 1950, except as amended by this chapter, are continued in force, subject to modification or repeal by the Congress of the United States or the Legislature of Guam, and all laws of Guam inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter are repealed to the extent of such inconsistency.
(b) Repealed. Pub. L. 90–497, § 7, Sept. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 847.
(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 25, 64 Stat. 390; Pub. L. 90–497, § 7, Sept. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 847.)
§ 1421d. Salaries and allowances of officers and employees

The salaries and travel allowances of the Governor, Lieutenant Governor, the heads of the executive departments, other officers and employees of the government of Guam, and the members of the legislature, shall be paid by the government of Guam at rates prescribed by the laws of Guam.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 26, 64 Stat. 391; Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 852, § 21, 70 Stat. 911; Pub. L. 89–100, July 30, 1965, 79 Stat. 424; Pub. L. 90–497, § 9, Sept. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 847.)
§ 1421e. Duty on articles

All articles coming into the United States from Guam shall be subject to or exempt from duty as provided for in section 1301a 1

1 See References in Text note below.
of title 19.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 27, 64 Stat. 392; Sept. 1, 1954, ch. 1213, title IV, § 402(b), 68 Stat. 1140.)
§ 1421f. Title to property transferred
(a) Property employed by naval government of Guam
(b) Other property not reserved
(c) Secretary of the Interior; sale or lease
(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 28, 64 Stat. 392; Pub. L. 90–497, § 12(b), Sept. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 848.)
§ 1421f–1. Acknowledgment of deeds

Deeds and other instruments affecting land situate in the District of Columbia or any Territory of the United States may be acknowledged in the islands of Guam and Samoa or in the Canal Zone before any notary public or judge appointed therein by proper authority, or by any officer therein who has ex officio the powers of a notary public: Provided, That the certificate by such notary in Guam, Samoa, or the Canal Zone, as the case may be, shall be accompanied by the certificate of the governor or acting governor of such place to the effect that the notary taking said acknowledgment was in fact the officer he purported to be; and any deeds or other instruments affecting lands so situate, so acknowledged since the first day of January, 1905, and accompanied by such certificate shall have the same effect as such deeds or other instruments hereafter so acknowledged and certified.

(June 28, 1906, ch. 3585, 34 Stat. 552.)
§ 1421g. Establishment and maintenance of public bodies and offices
(a) Public health services
(b) Public educational system
(c) Office of Public Prosecutor; Office of Public Auditor
(d) Attorney General
(1) The Attorney General of Guam shall be the Chief Legal Officer of the Government of Guam. At such time as the Office of the Attorney General of Guam shall next become vacant, the Attorney General of Guam shall be appointed by the Governor of Guam with the advice and consent of the legislature, and shall serve at the pleasure of the Governor of Guam.
(2) Instead of an appointed Attorney General, the legislature may, by law, provide for the election of the Attorney General of Guam by the qualified voters of Guam in general elections after 1998 in which the Governor of Guam is elected. The term of an elected Attorney General shall be 4 years. The Attorney General may be removed by the people of Guam according to the procedures specified in section 1422d of this title or may be removed for cause in accordance with procedures established by the legislature in law. A vacancy in the office of an elected Attorney General shall be filled—
(A) by appointment by the Governor of Guam if such vacancy occurs less than 6 months before a general election for the Office of Attorney General of Guam; or
(B) by a special election held no sooner than 3 months after such vacancy occurs and no later than 6 months before a general election for Attorney General of Guam, and by appointment by the Governor of Guam pending a special election under this subparagraph.
(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 29, 64 Stat. 392; Pub. L. 99–396, §§ 5, 13, Aug. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 839, 842; Pub. L. 105–291, § 2, Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2785.)
§ 1421h. Duties, taxes, and fees; proceeds collected to constitute fund for benefit of Guam; prerequisites, amount, etc., remitted prior to commencement of next fiscal year

All customs duties and Federal income taxes derived from Guam, the proceeds of all taxes collected under the internal-revenue laws of the United States on articles produced in Guam and transported to the United States, its Territories, or possessions, or consumed in Guam, and the proceeds of any other taxes which may be levied by the Congress on the inhabitants of Guam (including, but not limited to, compensation paid to members of the Armed Forces and pensions paid to retired civilians and military employees of the United States, or their survivors, who are residents of, or who are domiciled in, Guam), and all quarantine, passport, immigration, and naturalization fees collected in Guam shall be covered into the treasury of Guam and held in account for the government of Guam, and shall be expended for the benefit and government of Guam in accordance with the annual budgets; except that nothing in this chapter shall be construed to apply to any tax imposed by chapter 2 or 21 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 1401 et seq., 3101 et seq.]. Beginning as soon as the government of Guam enacts legislation establishing a fiscal year commencing on October 1 and ending on September 30, the Secretary of the Treasury, prior to the commencement of any fiscal year, shall remit to the government of Guam the amount of duties, taxes, and fees which the governor of Guam, with the concurrence of the government comptroller of Guam, has estimated will be collected in or derived from Guam under this section during the next fiscal year, except for those sums covered directly upon collection into the treasury of Guam. The Secretary of the Treasury shall deduct from or add to the amounts so remitted the difference between the amount of duties, taxes, and fees actually collected during the prior fiscal year and the amount of such duties, taxes, and fees as estimated and remitted at the beginning of that prior fiscal year, including any deductions which may be required as a result of the operation of Public Law 94–395 (90 Stat. 1199) or Public Law 88–170, as amended (82 Stat. 863).

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 30, 64 Stat. 392; Pub. L. 86–778, title I, § 103(u), Sept. 13, 1960, 74 Stat. 941; Pub. L. 95–348, § 1(c), Aug. 18, 1978, 92 Stat. 488; Pub. L. 98–454, title VI, § 601(h), Oct. 5, 1984, 98 Stat. 1736; Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095.)
§ 1421i. Income tax
(a) Applicability of Federal laws; separate tax
(b) Guam Territorial income tax
(c) Enforcement of tax
(d) “Income-tax laws” defined; administration and enforcement; rules and regulations
(1) The income-tax laws in force in Guam pursuant to subsection (a) of this section include but are not limited to the following provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, where not manifestly inapplicable or incompatible with the intent of this section: Subtitle A [26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.] (not including chapter 2 [26 U.S.C. 1401 et seq.] and section 931 [26 U.S.C. 931]); chapters 24 and 25 of subtitle C [26 U.S.C. 3401 et seq. and 3501 et seq.], with reference to the collection of income tax at source on wages; and all provisions of subtitle F [
(2) The Governor or his delegate shall have the same administrative and enforcement powers and remedies with regard to the Guam Territorial income tax as the Secretary of the Treasury, and other United States officials of the executive branch, have with respect to the United States income tax. Needful rules and regulations not inconsistent with the regulations prescribed under section 7654(e) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 7654(e)] for enforcement of the Guam Territorial income tax shall be prescribed by the Governor. The Governor or his delegate shall have authority to issue, from time to time, in whole or in part, the text of the income-tax laws in force in Guam pursuant to subsection (a) of this section.
(3) In applying as the Guam Territorial income tax the income-tax laws in force in Guam pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, the rate of tax under sections 871, 881, 884, 1441, 1442, 1443, 1445, and 1446 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 871, 881, 884, 1441, 1442, 1443, 1445, and 1446] on any item of income from sources within Guam shall be the same as the rate which would apply with respect to such item were Guam treated as part of the United States for purposes of the treaty obligations of the United States. The preceding sentence shall not apply to determine the rate of tax on any item of income received from a Guam payor if, for any taxable year, the taxes of the Guam payor were rebated under Guam law. For purposes of this subsection, the term “Guam payor” means the person from whom the item of income would be deemed to be received for purposes of claiming treaty benefits were Guam treated as part of the United States.
(e) Substitution of terms
(f) Criminal offenses; prosecution
(g) Liens
(h) Jurisdiction of District Court; suits for recovery or collection of taxes; payment of judgment
(1) Notwithstanding any provision of section 1424 of this title or any other provision of law to the contrary, the District Court of Guam shall have exclusive original jurisdiction over all judicial proceedings in Guam, both criminal and civil, regardless of the degree of the offense or of the amount involved, with respect to the Guam Territorial income tax.
(2) Suits for the recovery of any Guam Territorial income tax alleged to have been erroneously or illegally assessed or collected, or of any penalty claimed to have been collected without authority, or of any sum alleged to have been excessive or in any manner wrongfully collected, under the income-tax laws in force in Guam, pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, may, regardless of the amount of claim, be maintained against the government of Guam subject to the same statutory requirements as are applicable to suits for the recovery of such amounts maintained against the United States in the United States district courts with respect to the United States income tax. When any judgment against the government of Guam under this paragraph has become final, the Governor shall order the payment of such judgments out of any unencumbered funds in the treasury of Guam.
(3) Execution shall not issue against the Governor or any officer or employee of the government of Guam on a final judgment in any proceeding against him for any acts or for the recovery of money exacted by or paid to him and subsequently paid into the treasury of Guam, in performing his official duties under the income-tax laws in force in Guam pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, if the court certifies that—
(A) probable cause existed; or
(B) such officer or employee acted under the directions of the Governor or his delegate.
When such certificate has been issued, the Governor shall order the payment of such judgment out of any unencumbered funds in the treasury of Guam.
(4) A civil action for the collection of the Guam Territorial income tax, together with fines, penalties, and forfeitures, or for the recovery of any erroneous refund of such tax, may be brought in the name of and by the government of Guam in the District Court of Guam or in any district court of the United States or in any court having the jurisdiction of a district court of the United States.
(5) The jurisdiction conferred upon the District Court of Guam by this subsection shall not be subject to transfer to any other court by the legislature, notwithstanding section 1424(a) of this title.
(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 31, 64 Stat. 392; Pub. L. 85–688, § 1, Aug. 20, 1958, 72 Stat. 681; Pub. L. 92–606, § 1(d), Oct. 31, 1972, 86 Stat. 1497; Pub. L. 95–134, title II, § 203(c), Oct. 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 1162; Pub. L. 99–514, § 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; Pub. L. 107–212, § 2(a), Aug. 21, 2002, 116 Stat. 1051.)
§ 1421j. Authorization of appropriations

There are authorized to be appropriated annually by the Congress of the United States such sums as may be necessary and appropriate to carry out the provisions and purposes of this chapter.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 32, 64 Stat. 392.)
§ 1421k. Designation of naval or military reservations; closed port

Nothing contained in this chapter shall be construed as limiting the authority of the President to designate parts of Guam as naval or military reservations, nor to restrict his authority to treat Guam as a closed port with respect to the vessels and aircraft of foreign nations.

(Aug. 1, 1950, ch. 512, § 33, 64 Stat. 393.)
§ 1421k–1. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–186, title II, § 224(2), Aug. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 1752
§ 1421l. Repealed. June 27, 1952, ch. 477, § 403(a)(42), 66 Stat. 280
§ 1421m. Repealed. Pub. L. 91–513, title III, § 1101(a)(8), Oct. 27, 1970, 84 Stat. 1292
§ 1421n. Applicability of Federal copyright laws

The laws of the United States relating to copyrights, and to the enforcement of rights arising thereunder, shall have the same force and effect in Guam as in the continental United States.

(Aug. 1, 1956, ch. 852, § 24, 70 Stat. 911.)
§ 1421o. Federal assistance for fire control, watershed protection, and reforestation

The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to provide financial and technical assistance to Guam for improving fire control, watershed protection and reforestation, consistent with existing laws, administered by the Secretary of Agriculture, which are applicable to the continental United States. The program authorized by this section shall be developed in cooperation with the territorial government of Guam and shall be covered by a memorandum of understanding agreed to by the territorial government and the Department. The Secretary may also utilize the agencies, facilities, and employees of the Department, and may cooperate with other public agencies and with private organizations and individuals in Guam and elsewhere.

(Pub. L. 93–421, § 1, Sept. 19, 1974, 88 Stat. 1154.)
§ 1421p. Authorization of appropriations

There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of section 1421o of this title. Sums appropriated in pursuance of sections 1421o and 1421p of this title may be allocated to such agencies of the Department as are concerned with the administration of the program in Guam.

(Pub. L. 93–421, § 2, Sept. 19, 1974, 88 Stat. 1154.)
§ 1421q. Applicability of Federal laws

The laws of the United States which are made applicable to the Northern Mariana Islands by the provisions of section 502(a)(1) of H.J. Res. 549,1

1 See References in Text note below.
as approved by the House of Representatives and the Senate, except for section 228 of title II [42 U.S.C. 428] and title XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.] as it applies to the several States and the Micronesia Claims Act as it applies to the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, shall be made applicable to Guam on the same terms and conditions as such laws are applied to the Northern Mariana Islands.

(Pub. L. 94–255, § 2, Apr. 1, 1976, 90 Stat. 300.)
§ 1421q–1. Applicability of laws referred to in section 502(a)(1) of Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands

Effective on the date when section 502 of the Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in Political Union With the United States of America, approved by joint resolution approved on March 24, 1976 (90 Stat. 263) goes into force those laws which are referred to in section 502(a)(1) of said Covenant, except for any laws administered by the Social Security Administration, except for medicaid which is now administered by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, and except the Micronesian Claims Act of 1971 (85 Stat. 96) shall be applicable to the territories of Guam and the Virgin Islands on the same terms and conditions as such laws are applied to the Northern Mariana Islands.

(Pub. L. 95–134, title IV, § 403, Oct. 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 1163; Pub. L. 95–135, § 1, Oct. 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 1166; Pub. L. 108–173, title IX, § 900(e)(7), Dec. 8, 2003, 117 Stat. 2374.)
§ 1421r. Port of Guam Improvement Enterprise Program
(a) In general
(b) Authorities of the Administrator
In carrying out the Program, the Administrator may—
(1) receive funds provided for the Program from Federal and non-Federal entities, including private entities;
(2) provide for coordination among appropriate governmental agencies to expedite the review process under the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) for projects carried out under the Program;
(3) provide for coordination among appropriate governmental agencies in connection with other reviews and requirements applicable to projects carried out under the Program; and
(4) provide technical assistance to the Port Authority of Guam (and its agents) as needed for projects carried out under the Program.
(c) Port of Guam Improvement Enterprise Fund
(1) Establishment
(2) Deposits
There shall be deposited into the Fund—
(A) amounts received by the Administrator from Federal and non-Federal sources under subsection (b)(1);
(B) amounts transferred to the Administrator under subsection (d); and
(C) amounts appropriated to carry out this section under subsection (f).
(3) Use of amounts
(4) Administrative expenses
(5) Availability of amounts
(d) Transfers of amounts
(e) Limitation
(f) Authorization of appropriations
(Pub. L. 110–417, div. C, title XXXV, § 3512, Oct. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 4770; Pub. L. 111–383, div. A, title X, § 1075(e)(20), Jan. 7, 2011, 124 Stat. 4375; Pub. L. 112–141, div. A, title I, § 1114(b)(2)(C), July 6, 2012, 126 Stat. 468.)