1 See References in Text note below. and the amendments made by this title,2 So in original. Probably should be “rules,”. and standards necessary to establish, implement, and maintain the ISE;Editorial NotesReferences in Text

Executive Order 13356, referred to in subsec. (a)(2), which was formerly set out as a note below, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13388, set out as a note below, which established an Information Sharing Council consistent with subsec. (g) of this section.

This title, referred to in subsec. (e)(10)(A), is title I of Pub. L. 108–458, Dec. 17, 2004, 118 Stat. 3643, known as the National Security Intelligence Reform Act of 2004. For complete classification of title I to the Code, see Tables.

Codification

Section was enacted as part of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, and also as part of the National Security Intelligence Reform Act of 2004, and not as part of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 which comprises this chapter.

Amendments

2022—Subsec. (g)(4). Pub. L. 117–286 substituted “chapter 10 of title 5” for “Federal Advisory Committee Act” in heading and “chapter 10 of title 5.” for “the Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).” in text.

Subsecs. (h) to (l). Pub. L. 117–263 redesignated subsecs. (i) to (l) as (h) to (k), respectively, and struck out former subsec. (h) which related to performance management reports.

2020—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 307(1), substituted “President” for “Director of National Intelligence” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 116–260, § 307(2), substituted “President” for “Director of National Intelligence” in two places in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 116–260, § 307(3), added par. (3).

2019—Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 116–92, § 6402(a)(1), substituted “Director of National Intelligence” for “President” in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 116–92, § 6402(a)(2), substituted “Director of National Intelligence” for “President” in two places in introductory provisions.

Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 116–92, § 6402(b), substituted “Beginning on December 20, 2019, each individual designated as the program manager shall be appointed by the Director of National Intelligence.” for “The individual designated as the program manager shall serve as program manager until removed from service or replaced by the President (at the President’s sole discretion).”

2010—Subsec. (e)(10)(B). Pub. L. 111–259 substituted “Department of Justice” for “Attorney General”.

2007—Subsec. (a)(1), (2). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(A), (B), added par. (1) and redesignated former par. (1) as (2). Former par. (2) redesignated (3).

Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(C), added par. (3) and struck out heading and text of former par. (3). Text read as follows: “The terms ‘information sharing environment’ and ‘ISE’ mean an approach that facilitates the sharing of terrorism information, which approach may include any methods determined necessary and appropriate for carrying out this section.”

Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(A), redesignated par. (2) as (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (4).

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(A), redesignated par. (3) as (4). Former par. (4) redesignated (5).

Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(D), added par. (5) and struck out heading and text of former par (5). Text read as follows: “The term ‘terrorism information’ means all information, whether collected, produced, or distributed by intelligence, law enforcement, military, homeland security, or other activities relating to—

“(A) the existence, organization, capabilities, plans, intentions, vulnerabilities, means of finance or material support, or activities of foreign or international terrorist groups or individuals, or of domestic groups or individuals involved in transnational terrorism;

“(B) threats posed by such groups or individuals to the United States, United States persons, or United States interests, or to those of other nations;

“(C) communications of or by such groups or individuals; or

“(D) groups or individuals reasonably believed to be assisting or associated with such groups or individuals.”

Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(A), redesignated par. (4) as (5).

Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(1)(E), added par. (6).

Subsec. (b)(2)(J) to (O). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(2), added subpars. (J) to (O).

Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(3)(A), substituted “until removed from service or replaced” for “during the two-year period beginning on the date of designation under this paragraph unless sooner removed from service and replaced” and “The program manager, in consultation with the head of any affected department or agency, shall have and exercise governmentwide authority over the sharing of information within the scope of the information sharing environment, including homeland security information, terrorism information, and weapons of mass destruction information, by all Federal departments, agencies, and components, irrespective of the Federal department, agency, or component in which the program manager may be administratively located, except as otherwise expressly provided by law” for “The program manager shall have and exercise governmentwide authority”.

Subsec. (f)(2)(A)(ii) to (v). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(3)(B), added cls. (ii) to (iv), redesignated former cl. (iii) as (v), and struck out former cl. (ii) which read as follows: “assist in the development of policies, procedures, guidelines, rules, and standards as appropriate to foster the development and proper operation of the ISE; and”.

Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(4)(A), substituted “until removed from service or replaced” for “during the two-year period beginning on the date of the initial designation of the program manager by the President under subsection (f)(1) of this section, unless sooner removed from service and replaced”.

Subsec. (g)(2)(G) to (I). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(4)(B), added subpars. (G) and (H) and redesignated former subpar. (G) as (I).

Subsec. (g)(4). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(4)(C), inserted “(including any subsidiary group of the Information Sharing Council)” before “shall not be subject”.

Subsec. (g)(5). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(4)(D), added par. (5).

Subsec. (h)(1). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(5), substituted “and not later than June 30 of each year thereafter” for “and annually thereafter”.

Subsecs. (j) to (l). Pub. L. 110–53, § 504(6), added subsecs. (j) to (l) and struck out heading and text of former subsec. (j). Text read as follows: “There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2005 and 2006.”

Statutory Notes and Related SubsidiariesEffective Date

For determination by President that section takes effect on Apr. 21, 2005, see Memorandum of President of the United States, Apr. 21, 2005, 70 F.R. 23925, set out as a note under section 3001 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

Section effective not later than six months after Dec. 17, 2004, except as otherwise expressly provided, see section 1097(a) of Pub. L. 108–458, set out as an Effective Date of 2004 Amendment; Transition Provisions note under section 3001 of Title 50, War and National Defense.

Procedures To Clear Individuals From Terrorist Database Lists

Pub. L. 109–295, title V, § 556, Oct. 4, 2006, 120 Stat. 1391, provided that: “Not later than six months after the date of enactment of this Act [Oct. 4, 2006], the Secretary of Homeland Security shall establish revised procedures for expeditiously clearing individuals whose names have been mistakenly placed on a terrorist database list or who have names identical or similar to individuals on a terrorist database list. The Secretary shall advise Congress of the procedures established.”

Executive DocumentsExecutive Order No. 13356

Ex. Ord. No. 13356, Aug. 27, 2004, 69 F.R. 53599, which provided for strengthening the sharing of terrorism information to protect Americans, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 13388, § 8(b), Oct. 25, 2005, 70 F.R. 62025, set out below.

Ex. Ord. No. 13388. Further Strengthening the Sharing of Terrorism Information To Protect Americans

Ex. Ord. No. 13388, Oct. 25, 2005, 70 F.R. 62023, provided:

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 1016 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (Public Law 108–458) [6 U.S.C. 485], and in order to further strengthen the effective conduct of United States counterterrorism activities and protect the territory, people, and interests of the United States of America, including against terrorist attacks, it is hereby ordered as follows:

Section 1. Policy. To the maximum extent consistent with applicable law, agencies shall, in the design and use of information systems and in the dissemination of information among agencies:

(a) give the highest priority to (i) the detection, prevention, disruption, preemption, and mitigation of the effects of terrorist activities against the territory, people, and interests of the United States of America; (ii) the interchange of terrorism information among agencies; (iii) the interchange of terrorism information between agencies and appropriate authorities of State, local, and tribal governments, and between agencies and appropriate private sector entities; and (iv) the protection of the ability of agencies to acquire additional such information; and

(b) protect the freedom, information privacy, and other legal rights of Americans in the conduct of activities implementing subsection (a).

Sec. 2. Duties of Heads of Agencies Possessing or Acquiring Terrorism Information. To implement the policy set forth in section 1 of this order, the head of each agency that possesses or acquires terrorism information:

(a) shall promptly give access to the terrorism information to the head of each other agency that has counterterrorism functions, and provide the terrorism information to each such agency, unless otherwise directed by the President, and consistent with (i) the statutory responsibilities of the agencies providing and receiving the information; (ii) any guidance issued by the Attorney General to fulfill the policy set forth in subsection 1(b) of this order; and (iii) other applicable law, including sections 102A(g) and (i) of the National Security Act of 1947 [50 U.S.C. 3024(g), (i)], section 1016 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 [6 U.S.C. 485] (including any policies, procedures, guidelines, rules, and standards issued pursuant thereto), sections 202 and 892 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 [6 U.S.C. 122, 482], [former] Executive Order 12958 of April 17, 1995, as amended, and Executive Order 13311 of July 29, 2003 [6 U.S.C. 482 note]; and

(b) shall cooperate in and facilitate production of reports based on terrorism information with contents and formats that permit dissemination that maximizes the utility of the information in protecting the territory, people, and interests of the United States.

Sec. 3. Preparing Terrorism Information for Maximum Distribution. To assist in expeditious and effective implementation by agencies of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order, the common standards for the sharing of terrorism information established pursuant to section 3 of Executive Order 13356 of August 27, 2004 [formerly set out above], shall be used, as appropriate, in carrying out section 1016 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004.

Sec. 4. Requirements for Collection of Terrorism Information Inside the United States. To assist in expeditious and effective implementation by agencies of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order, the recommendations regarding the establishment of executive branch-wide collection and sharing requirements, procedures, and guidelines for terrorism information collected within the United States made pursuant to section 4 of Executive Order 13356 [formerly set out above] shall be used, as appropriate, in carrying out section 1016 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004.

Sec. 5. Establishment and Functions of Information Sharing Council. (a) Consistent with section 1016(g) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004, there is hereby established an Information Sharing Council (Council), chaired by the Program Manager to whom section 1016 of such Act refers, and composed exclusively of designees of: the Secretaries of State, the Treasury, Defense, Commerce, Energy, and Homeland Security; the Attorney General; the Director of National Intelligence; the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency; the Director of the Office of Management and Budget; the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation; the Director of the National Counterterrorism Center; and such other heads of departments or agencies as the Director of National Intelligence may designate.

(b) The mission of the Council is to (i) provide advice and information concerning the establishment of an interoperable terrorism information sharing environment to facilitate automated sharing of terrorism information among appropriate agencies to implement the policy set forth in section 1 of this order; and (ii) perform the duties set forth in section 1016(g) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004.

(c) To assist in expeditious and effective implementation by agencies of the policy set forth in section 1 of this order, the plan for establishment of a proposed interoperable terrorism information sharing environment reported under section 5(c) of Executive Order 13356 [formerly set out above] shall be used, as appropriate, in carrying out section 1016 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004.

Sec. 6. Definitions. As used in this order:

(a) the term “agency” has the meaning set forth for the term “executive agency” in section 105 of title 5, United States Code, together with the Department of Homeland Security, but includes the Postal Rate Commission and the United States Postal Service and excludes the Government Accountability Office; and

(b) the term “terrorism information” has the meaning set forth for such term in section 1016(a)(4) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004.

Sec. 7. General Provisions. (a) This order:

(i) shall be implemented in a manner consistent with applicable law, including Federal law protecting the information privacy and other legal rights of Americans, and subject to the availability of appropriations;

(ii) shall be implemented in a manner consistent with the authority of the principal officers of agencies as heads of their respective agencies, including under section 199 of the Revised Statutes (22 U.S.C. 2651), section 201 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7131), section 103 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 403–3) [now 50 U.S.C. 3025], section 102(a) of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 112(a)), and sections 301 of title 5, 113(b) and 162(b) of title 10, 1501 of title 15, 503 of title 28, and 301(b) of title 31, United States Code;

(iii) shall be implemented consistent with the Presidential Memorandum of June 2, 2005, on “Strengthening Information Sharing, Access, and Integration—Organizational, Management, and Policy Development Structures for Creating the Terrorism Information Sharing Environment;” [not set out in the Code]

(iv) shall not be construed to impair or otherwise affect the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budget, administrative, and legislative proposals; and

(v) shall be implemented in a manner consistent with section 102A of the National Security Act of 1947 [50 U.S.C. 3024].

(b) This order is intended only to improve the internal management of the Federal Government and is not intended to, and does not, create any rights or benefits, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by a party against the United States, its departments, agencies, instrumentalities, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.

Sec. 8. Amendments and Revocation. (a) [Amended Ex. Ord. No. 13311, set out as a note under section 482 of this title.]

(b) Executive Order 13356 of August 27, 2004 [formerly set out above], is hereby revoked.

George W. Bush.Assignment of Certain Functions Under the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004

Memorandum of President of the United States, Nov. 14, 2006, 71 F.R. 67029, provided:

Memorandum for the Director of National Intelligence

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, the reporting function of the President under section 1016(e) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (Public Law 108–458, 118 Stat. 3638) is hereby assigned to the Director of National Intelligence (Director).

The Director shall perform such function in a manner consistent with the President’s constitutional authority to withhold information the disclosure of which could impair foreign relations, national security, the deliberative processes of the Executive, or the performance of the Executive’s constitutional duties.

Any reference in this memorandum to the provision of any Act shall be deemed to include references to any hereafter-enacted provision of law that is the same or substantially the same as such provision.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

George W. Bush.

Memorandum of President of the United States, Apr. 10, 2007, 72 F.R. 18561, provided:

Memorandum for the Director of National Intelligence

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, the functions of the President under section 1016(b) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (Public Law 108–458) (the “Act”) are hereby assigned to the Director of National Intelligence (Director).

The Director shall perform such functions in a manner consistent with direction and guidance issued by the President, including (1) the Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies of June 2, 2005, entitled “Strengthening Information Sharing, Access, and Integration—Organizational, Management, and Policy Development Structures for Creating the Terrorism Information Sharing Environment,” and (2) the Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies of December 16, 2005, entitled “Guidelines and Requirements in Support of the Information Sharing Environment;” provided that the Director shall ensure that the official within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence previously designated as the program manager responsible for information sharing across the Federal Government pursuant to the Act shall be the assistant to the Director in carrying out the functions delegated by this memorandum.

You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

George W. Bush.

[Pub. L. 116–92, div. E, title LXIV, § 6402(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 2196, amended subsec. (b) of this section by substituting “Director of National Intelligence” for “President”, thereby making the assignment of functions in the memorandum above moot.]

Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 8, 2007, 72 F.R. 52279, provided:

Memorandum for the Secretary of State[,] the Secretary of Defense[,] the Attorney General[,] the Secretary of Energy[,] the Secretary of Homeland Security[, and] the Director of National Intelligence

By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and laws of the United States, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, the reporting functions of the President under subsections (h) and (j) of section 1016 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (Public Law 108–458), as amended by the Implementing Recommendations of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007 (Public Law 110–53) (IRTPA), are hereby assigned to the Director of National Intelligence (Director). The Director shall consult the Secretaries of State, Defense, Energy, Homeland Security, and the Attorney General in performing such functions.

Heads of departments and agencies shall, to the extent permitted by law, furnish to the Director information that the Director requests to perform such functions, in the format and on the schedule specified by the Director.

The Director shall perform such functions in a manner consistent with the President’s constitutional authority to withhold information the disclosure of which could impair foreign relations, national security, the deliberative processes of the Executive, and the performance of the Executive’s constitutional duties.

Any reference in this memorandum to the provision of IRTPA shall be deemed to include references to any hereafter-enacted provision of law that is the same or substantially the same as such provision.

The Director is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.

George W. Bush.