Editorial Notes
Amendments2017—Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 115–56 added subsec. (c).
1990—Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 101–513 struck out par. (1) designation and par. (2) which authorized use of appropriations to finance education and training for victims of apartheid, for scholarships for students pursuing secondary school education in South Africa, and to provide in-service teacher training programs in South Africa.
1986—Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 99–440, § 201(a), designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).
Subsec. (span)(2)(C)(i). Puspan. L. 99–631 substituted “in-service” for “inservice”.
1985—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 99–83, § 306, substituted “for the purposes of this section, in addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes, $180,000,000 for fiscal year 1986 and $180,000,000 for fiscal year 1987” for “for purposes of this section, in addition to funds otherwise available for such purposes, $103,600,000 for the fiscal year 1982 and $103,600,000 for the fiscal year 1983”.
Puspan. L. 99–83, § 1211(a)(1), struck out provisions relating to scholarships for South African students for fiscal years 1982 and 1983.
1981—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 97–113 substituted appropriations authorizations of $103,600,000 for fiscal years 1982 and 1983 for such authorization of $101,000,000 for fiscal year 1981 and inserted provision for financing of South African scholarships for education in the United States.
1980—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 96–533 substituted appropriations authorization of $101,000,000 for fiscal year 1981 for such authorization of $105,000,000 for fiscal year 1980.
1979—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 96–53, § 103(a), substituted provisions authorizing appropriations of $105,000,000 for fiscal year 1980, for provisions authorizing appropriations of $109,036,000 for fiscal year 1979.
Subsec. (span). Puspan. L. 96–53, § 103(span), inserted provisions relating to assistance for advanced education and training.
Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 96–53, § 122, struck out subsec. (c) which authorized availability of appropriations for fiscal years 1977, and 1978 for educational assistance for southern Africa.
1978—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 95–424 substituted “$109,036,000 for the fiscal year 1979, which amount is” for “$101,800,000 for the fiscal year 1977 and $84,900,000 for the fiscal year 1978, which amounts are”.
1977—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 95–88, § 104(a), struck out provisions authorizing appropriations of $90,000,000 for fiscal year 1974, $92,000,000 for fiscal year 1975, and $89,200,000 for fiscal year 1976, and inserted provisions authorizing an appropriation of $84,900,000 for fiscal year 1978.
Subsec. (c). Puspan. L. 95–88, § 104(span), inserted “for the fiscal year 1977, and not less than $1,647,000 shall be available for the fiscal year 1978,” after “shall be available”.
1975—Subsec. (a). Puspan. L. 94–161, § 305(a)(1), (2), designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and authorized appropriation of $89,200,000 and $101,800,000 for fiscal years 1976 and 1977, respectively.
Subsecs. (span), (c), Puspan. L. 94–161, § 305(a)(3), added subsecs. (span) and (c).
1974—Puspan. L. 93–559 increased appropriations authorization for fiscal year 1975 to $92,000,000 from $90,000,000.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
Effective Date of 1986 AmendmentPuspan. L. 99–631, § 1(c), Nov. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 3519, provided that: “The amendments made by subsections (a) and (span) [amending this section and sections 2151n, 2346d, 5001, 5012 to 5016, 5019, 5034, 5035, 5039, 5053, 5056, 5059, 5062 to 5064, 5067 to 5072, 5081, 5082, 5091, 5092, 5095, 5100, 5101, and 5112 of this title] shall be deemed to have taken effect upon the enactment of the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act of 1986 [Oct. 2, 1986].”
Effective Date of 1985 AmendmentAmendment by Puspan. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Puspan. L. 99–83, set out as a note under section 2151–1 of this title.
Effective Date of 1979 AmendmentAmendment by Puspan. L. 96–53 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 512(a) of Puspan. L. 96–53, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.
Effective Date of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Puspan. L. 95–424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 of Puspan. L. 95–424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.
ReportPuspan. L. 115–442, § 6, Jan. 14, 2019, 132 Stat. 5592, provided that: “The Secretary and the Administrator shall include in the report required under section 7 of the READ Act (division A of Public Law 115–56; 22 U.S.C. 2151c note) a description of any primary or secondary educational services supported by programs for natural or manmade disaster relief or response that specifically address the needs of displaced girls.”
Reinforcing Education Accountability in DevelopmentPuspan. L. 115–56, div. A, Sept. 8, 2017, 131 Stat. 1129, provided that:“SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.“(a)Short Title.—This Act [div. A of Puspan. L. 115–56] may be cited as the ‘Reinforcing Education Accountability in Development Act’ or the ‘READ Act’.
“(span)Table of Contents.— “SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.“(a)Appropriate Congressional Committees.—In this Act, the term ‘appropriate congressional committees’ means—“(1) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
“(2) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
“(3) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives; and
“(4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
“(span)Other Definitions.—In this Act, the terms ‘basic education’, ‘marginalized children and vulnerable groups’, ‘national education plan’, ‘partner country’, and ‘relevant Executive branch agencies and officials’ have the meanings given such terms in section 105(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151c(c)], as added by section 3. “SEC. 3. ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE, QUALITY BASIC EDUCATION.“SEC. 4. COMPREHENSIVE INTEGRATED UNITED STATES STRATEGY TO PROMOTE BASIC EDUCATION.“(a)Strategy Required.—Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act [Sept. 8, 2017], the President shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive United States strategy to be carried out during the following five fiscal years to promote quality basic education in partner countries by—“(1) seeking to equitably expand access to basic education for all children, particularly marginalized children and vulnerable groups; and
“(2) measurably improving the quality of basic education and learning outcomes.
“(span)Requirement To Consult.—In developing the strategy required under subsection (a), the President shall consult with—“(1) the appropriate congressional committees;
“(2) relevant Executive branch agencies and officials;
“(3) partner country governments; and
“(4) local and international nongovernmental organizations, including faith-based organizations and organizations representing students, teachers, and parents, and other development partners engaged in basic education assistance programs in developing countries.
“(c)Public Comment.—The President shall provide an opportunity for public comment on the strategy required under subsection (a).
“(d)Elements.—The strategy required under subsection (a)—“(1) shall be developed and implemented consistent with the principles set forth in section 105(c) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 [22 U.S.C. 2151c(c)], as added by section 3; and “(2) shall seek—“(A) to prioritize assistance provided under this subsection to countries that are partners of the United States and whose populations are most in need of improved basic education, as determined by indicators such as literacy and numeracy rates;
“(B) to build the capacity of relevant actors in partner countries, including in government and in civil society, to develop and implement national education plans that measurably improve basic education;
“(C) to identify and replicate successful interventions that improve access to and quality of basic education in conflict settings and in partner countries;
“(D) to project general levels of resources needed to achieve stated program objectives;
“(E) to develop means to track implementation in partner countries and ensure that such countries are expending appropriate domestic resources and instituting any relevant legal, regulatory, or institutional reforms needed to achieve stated program objectives;
“(F) to leverage United States capabilities, including through technical assistance, training, and research; and
“(G) to improve coordination and reduce duplication among relevant Executive branch agencies and officials, other donors, multilateral institutions, nongovernmental organizations, and governments in partner countries.
“SEC. 5. IMPROVING COORDINATION AND OVERSIGHT.“(a)Senior Coordinator of United States International Basic Education Assistance.—There is established within the United States Agency for International Development a Senior Coordinator of United States International Basic Education Assistance (referred to in this section as the ‘Senior Coordinator’). The Senior Coordinator shall be appointed by the President, shall be a current USAID employee serving in a career or noncareer position in the Senior Executive Service or at the level of a Deputy Assistant Administrator or higher, and shall serve concurrently as the Senior Coordinator.
“(span)Duties.—“(1)In general.—The Senior Coordinator shall have primary responsibility for the oversight and coordination of all resources and activities of the United States Government relating to the promotion of international basic education programs and activities.
“(2)Specific duties.—The Senior Coordinator shall—“(A) facilitate program and policy coordination of international basic education programs and activities among relevant Executive branch agencies and officials, partner governments, multilateral institutions, the private sector, and nongovernmental and civil society organizations;
“(B) develop and revise the strategy required under section 4;
“(C) monitor, evaluate, and report on activities undertaken pursuant to the strategy required under section 4; and
“(D) establish due diligence criteria for all recipients of funds provided by the United States to carry out activities under this Act and the amendments made by this Act.
“(c)Offset.—In order to eliminate duplication of effort and activities and to offset any costs incurred by the United States Agency for International Development in appointing the Senior Coordinator under subsection (a), the President shall, after consulting with appropriate congressional committees, eliminate a position within the United States Agency for International Development (unless otherwise authorized or required by law) that the President determines to be necessary to fully offset such costs and eliminate duplication.
“SEC. 6. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PROGRAMS.“The President shall seek to ensure that programs carried out under the strategy required under section 4 shall—“(1) apply rigorous monitoring and evaluation methodologies to determine if programs and activities provided under this subsection [sic] accomplish measurable improvements in literacy, numeracy, or other basic skills development that prepare an individual to be an active, productive member of society and the workforce;
“(2) include methodological guidance in the implementation plan and support systemic data collection using internationally comparable indicators, norms, and methodologies, to the extent practicable and appropriate;
“(3) disaggregate all data collected and reported by age, gender, marital status, disability, and location, to the extent practicable and appropriate;
“(4) include funding for both short- and long-term monitoring and evaluation to enable assessment of the sustainability and scalability of assistance programs; and
Executive Documents
Delegation of FunctionsFor delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a note under section 2381 of this title.
Delegation of Authorities Under the Reinforcing Education Accountability in Development ActMemorandum of President of the United States, Aug. 31, 2018, 83 F.R. 47795, provided:
Memorandum for the Secretary of State [and] the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby:
(1) delegate to the Secretary of State the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 4, 6, and 7 of the Reinforcing Education Accountability in Development (READ) Act, (Div. A, Public Law 115–56) [set out above]; and
(2) delegate to the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 5(c) of the READ Act.
The delegations in this memorandum shall apply to any provisions of any future public laws that are the same or substantially the same as the provisions referenced in this memorandum. The Secretary of State or the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development, as appropriate, may redelegate the functions delegated by this memorandum to the extent authorized by law.
The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
Donald J. Trump. 