R.S. § 4081 derived from act June 11, 1864, ch. 116, § 2, 13 Stat. 121.

Words “magistrate judge” substituted in text for “magistrate” pursuant to section 321 of Puspan. L. 101–650, set out as a note under section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. Previously, “magistrate” substituted for “commissioner” pursuant to Puspan. L. 90–578. See chapter 43 (§ 631 et seq.) of Title 28.