View all text of Subpart B [§ 42.103 - § 42.114]
§ 42.112 - Defects of containers: Tables IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, and X.
Table IV—Metal Containers
[Rigid and semi-rigid]
Defects | Categories | Critical | Major | Minor | Type or size of container or component parts not as specified | Closure incomplete, not located correctly or not sealed, crimped, or fitted properly: | (a) Heat processed primary container | 1 | (b) Non-heat processed primary container | 101 | (c) Other than primary container | 201 | Dirty, stained, or smeared container | 202 | Key opening metal containers (when required): | (a) Key missing | 102 | (b) Key does not fit tab | 103 | (c) Tab of opening band insufficient to provide accessibility to key | 104 | (d) Improper scoring (band would not be removed in one continuous strip) | 105 | Metal pop-top: | (a) Missing or broken pull tab | 106 | (b) Missing or incomplete score line (not conforming to a relevant product specification) | 107 | Flexible pop-top: | (a) Poor seal (wrinkle, entrapped matter, etc.) | 108 | (b) Short pull tab (not conforming to a relevant product specification) | 203 | (c) Missing pull tab | 109 | (d) Torn pull tab | 204 | Open top with plastic overcap (when required): | (a) Plastic overcap missing | 110 | (b) Plastic overcap warped (making opening or reapplication difficult) | 111 | Outside tinplate or coating (when required): | (a) Missing or incomplete | 205 | (b) Blistered, flaked, sagged, or wrinkled | 206 | (c) Scratched or scored | 207 | (d) Fine cracks | 208 | Rust (rust stain confined to the top or bottom double seam or rust that can be removed with a soft cloth is not scored a defect): | (a) Rust stain | 209 | (b) Pitted rust | 112 | Wet cans (excluding refrigerated containers) | 210 | Dent: | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 211 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 113 | Buckle: | (a) Not involving end seam | 212 | (b) Extending into the end seam | 114 | Collapsed container | 115 | Paneled side materially affecting appearance but not usability | 213 | Solder missing when required | 116 | Cable cut exposing seam | 117 | Improper side seam | 118 | Swell, springer, or flipper (not applicable to gas or pressure packed product nor frozen products) | 2 | Leaker or blown container | 3 | Frozen products only: | (a) Bulging ends 3/16-inch to 1/4-inch beyond lip | 214 | (b) Bulging ends more than 1/4-inch beyond lip | 119 | Metal drums: leaking filling seal (bung) swell 1 | 4 | 120 |
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1 Defect classification depends on the severity of the defect.
Table V—Composite Containers
[Fiberboard body with metal lids or metal bottoms, plastic or foil top with cap]
Defects | Categories | Critical | Major | Minor | Type or size of container or component parts not as specified | Closure incomplete, not located correctly or not sealed, crimped, or fitted properly | 1 | Dirty, stained, or smeared container | 201 | Easy open closure: | (a) Pull tab: | 1. Missing or broken pull tab | 101 | 2. Missing or incomplete score line | 102 | (b) Membrane top: | 1. Poor seal (wrinkle, entrapped matter, etc.) | 103 | 2. Short pull tab | 104 | 3. Missing pull tab | 105 | 4. Torn pull tab | 106 | (c) Open top with plastic overcap (when required): | 1. Plastic overcap missing | 107 | 2. Plastic overcap warped (making opening or reapplication difficult) | 108 | Outside tinplate or coating on ends (when required): | (a) Missing or incomplete | 202 | (b) Blistered, flaked, sagged, or wrinkled | 203 | (c) Scratched or scored | 204 | (d) Fine cracks | 205 | Collapsed container | 109 | Paneled side materially affecting appearance but not usability | 206 | Leaker | 2 | Wet or damp: | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 207 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 110 | Crushed or torn area: | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 208 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 111 |
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Table VI—Glass Containers
[Bottles, Jars]
Defects | Categories | Critical | Major | Minor | Type or size of container or component parts not as specified | Closure not sealed, crimped, or fitted properly: | (a) Heat processed | 1 | (b) Non-heat processed | 101 | Dirty, stained, or smeared container | 201 | Chip in glass | 202 | Stone (unmelted material) in glass | 203 | Pits in surface of glass | 204 | Sagging surface | 205 | Bead (bubble within glass): | (a) 1/8-inch to 1/16-inch in diameter | 206 | (b) Exceeding 1/8-inch in diameter | 102 | Checked | 103 | Thin spot in glass | 104 | Blister (structural defect) | 105 | Bird swing (glass appendage inside container) | 2 | Broken or leaking container | 3 | Cap (nonheat processed): | (a) Cross-threaded | 207 | (b) Loose but not leaking | 208 | (c) Pitted rust | 106 | Cap (heat processed): | (a) Cross-threaded or loose | 4 | (b) Pitted rust | 107 | Sealing tape or cello band (when required): | (a) Improperly placed | 209 | (b) Not covering juncture of cap and glass | 108 | (c) Ends overlap by less than 1/2-inch | 109 | (d) Loose or deteriorating | 110 | Missing or torn outer safety seal | 111 | Inner safety seal—missing, torn, poor seal | 112 |
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Table VII—Plastic Containers
[Rigid and Semi-Rigid, Bottles, Jars, Tubs, Trays, Pails, etc.]
Defects | Categories | Critical | Major | Minor | Type or size of container or component parts not as specified | Closure not sealed, crimped, or fitted properly: | (a) Heat processed | 1 | (b) Non-heat processed | 101 | Dirty, stained, or smeared container | 201 | Chip in plastic | 202 | Un-melted gels in plastic | 203 | Pits in surface of plastic | 204 | Sagging surface | 205 | Air bubble within plastic: | (a) 1/8-inch to 1/16-inch in diameter | 206 | (b) Exceeding 1/8-inch in diameter | 102 | Checked | 103 | Thin spot in plastic | 104 | Blister (structural defect) | 105 | Broken or leaking container | 2 | Cap (non-heat processed): | (a) Cross-threaded | 207 | (b) Loose but not leaking | 208 | Cap (heat processed), cross-threaded or loose | 3 | Security seals: | (a) Closure ring missing | 106 | (b) Missing or torn outer safety seal | 107 | (c) Inner safety seal—missing, torn, or poor seal | 108 | (d) Sealing tape or cello band (when required): | 1. Improperly placed | 209 | 2. Not covering juncture of cap and plastic | 109 | 3. Ends overlap by less than 1/2-inch | 110 | 4. Loose or deteriorating | 111 |
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Table VIII—Rigid and Semi-Rigid Containers—Corrugated or Solid Fiberboard, Chipboard, Wood, Paperboard Aseptic Cartons, Polymeric Trays, etc.
[Excluding metal, glass, and plastic]
Defects | Categories | Critical | Major | Minor | Type or size of container or component parts not as specified | Component part missing | 101 | Closure not sealed, crimped, or fitted properly: | (a) Primary container | 1 | (b) Other than primary container | 201 | Dirty, stained, or smeared container | 202 | Wet or damp (excluding ice packs): | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 203 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 102 | Moldy area | 2 | Crushed or torn area: | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 204 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 103 | Separation of lamination (corrugated fiberboard): | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 205 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 104 | Product sifting or leaking | 105 | Nails or staples (when required): | (a) Not as required, insufficient number or improperly positioned | 206 | (b) Nails or staples protruding | 106 | Glue or adhesive (when required); not holding properly, not covering area specified, or not covering sufficient area to hold properly: | (a) Primary container | 107 | (b) Other than primary container | 207 | Flap: | (a) Projects beyond edge of container more than 1/4-inch | 208 | (b) Does not meet properly, allowing space of more than 1/4-inch | 209 | Sealing tape or strapping (when required): | (a) Missing | 108 | (b) Improperly placed or applied | 210 | Missing component (straw, etc.) | 211 | Paperboard Aseptic Cartons: | (a) Missing re-sealable cap or tab | 109 | (b) Inner or outer safety seal—missing, torn, poor seal | 3 | Thermostabilized polymeric trays: | Tray body: | (a) Swollen container | 4 | (b) Tear, crack, hole, abrasion through more than one layer of multi-layer laminate for the tray | 5 | (c) Presence of delamination in multi-layered laminate | 212 | (d) Presence of any permanent deformation, such that deformed area is discolored or roughened in texture | 213 | Lid material: | (a) Closure seal not continuous along tray flange surface | 6 | (b) Foldover wrinkle in seal area extends into the closure seal such that the closure seal is reduced to less than 1/8-inch | 7 | (c) Any impression or design on the seal surfaces which conceals or impairs visual detection of seal defects | 110 | (d) Areas of “wave-like” striations or wrinkles along the seal area that spans the entire width of seal | 214 | (e) Abrasion of lid material: | 1. Within 1/16-inch of food product edge of seal such that barrier layer is exposed | 8 | 2. Greater than 1/16-inch from food product edge of seal that barrier layer is exposed | 215 | (f) Presence of entrapped matter within 1/16-inch of the food product edge of seal or entrapped moisture or vapor with 1/16-inch of the food product edge of seal that results in less than 1/16-inch of defect free seal width at the outside edge | 9 | (g) Presence of any seal defect or anomaly (for example, entrapped moisture, gases, etc.) within 1/16-inch of food product edge of seal | 111 | (h) Closure seal width less than 1/8-inch | 216 |
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Table IX—Flexible Containers
[Plastic, Cellophane, Paper, Textile, Laminated Multi-Layer Pouch, Bag, etc.]
Defects | Categories | Critical | Major | Minor | Type or size of container or component parts not as specified | Closure not sealed, crimped, stitched, or fitted properly: | (a) Heat processed primary container | 1 | (b) Non-heat processed primary container | 101 | (c) Other than primary container | 201 | Dirty, stained, or smeared container | 202 | Unmelted gels in plastic | 203 | Torn or cut container or abrasion (non-leaker): | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 204 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 102 | Moldy area | 2 | Individual packages sticking together or to shipping case (tear when separated) | 103 | Not fully covering product | 104 | Wet or damp (excluding ice packs): | (a) Materially affecting appearance but not usability | 205 | (b) Materially affecting usability | 105 | Over wrap (when required): | (a) Missing | 106 | (b) Loose, not sealed, or closed | 206 | (c) Improperly applied | 207 | Sealing tape, strapping, or adhesives (when required): | (a) Missing | 107 | (b) Improperly placed, applied, torn, or wrinkled | 208 | Tape over bottom and top closures (when required): | (a) Not covering stitching | 108 | (b) Torn (exposing stitching) | 109 | (c) Wrinkled (exposing stitching) | 110 | (d) Not adhering to bag: | 1. Exposing stitching | 111 | 2. Not exposing stitching | 209 | (e) Improper placement | 210 | Product sifting or leaking: | (a) Non-heat processed | 112 | (b) Heat processed | 3 | Flexible pop-top: | (a) Poor seal (wrinkle, entrapped matter, etc.) reducing intact seal to less than 1/16-inch | 4 | (b) Short pull tab (materially affecting usability) | 212 | (c) Missing pull tab | 113 | (d) Torn pull tab (materially affecting usability) | 213 | Missing component (straw, etc.) | 214 | Two part container (poly lined box or bag in box): | (a) Outer case torn | 215 | (b) Poly liner: | 1. Missing | 5 | 2. Improper closure | 114 | Missing “zip lock” (re-sealable containers) | 216 | Loss of vacuum (in vacuum-packed) | 115 | Pre-formed containers: | (a) Dented or crushed area | 217 | (b) Deformed container | 218 | Missing re-sealable cap | 116 | Inner or outer safety seal—missing, torn, poor seal | 6 | Air bubble in plastic | 117 | Thermostabilized products (includes but not limited to tubes, pouches, etc.): | Foldover wrinkle in seal area (thermostabilized pouches): | (a) Extends through all plies across seal area or reduces seal less than 1/16-inch | 7 | (b) Does not extend through all plies and effective seal is 1/16-inch or greater | 219 | Incomplete seal (thermostabilized pouches) | 8 | Non-bonding seal (thermostabilized pouches) | 9 | Laminate separation in body of pouch or in seal within 1/16-inch of food product edge: | (a) If food contact layer is exposed | 10 | (b) If food contact surface is exposed after manipulation or laminate separation expands after manipulation | 118 | (c) If lamination separation is limited to isolated spots that do not propagate with manipulation or is outer ply separation in seal within 1/16-inch of food product edge of seal | 220 | Flex cracks (cracks in foil layer only) | 221 | Swollen container | 11 | Blister (in seal) reducing intact seal to less than 1/16-inch | 12 | Compressed seal (overheated to bubble or expose inner layer) reducing intact seal to less than 1/16-inch | 13 | Stringy seal (excessive plastic threads showing at edge of seal area) | 222 | Contaminated seal (entrapped matter) reducing intact seal to less than 1/16-inch | 14 | Seal creep (product in pouch “creeping” into seal) reducing intact seal to less than 1/16 inch | 15 | Misaligned or crooked seal reducing intact seal to less than 1/16-inch | 16 | Seal formed greater than 1-inch from edge of pouch (unclosed edge flaps) | 223 | Waffling (embossing on surface from retort racks; not scorable unless severe) | 224 | Poor or missing tear notch (when required) | 225 |
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Table X—Unitizing
[Plastic or other type of casing/unitizing]
Defects | Categories | Major | Minor | Not specified method | 101 | Missing tray (when required) | 102 | Missing shrink wrap (when required) | 103 | Loose or improperly applied wrap | 201 | Torn or mutilated | 202 | Off-center wrap (does not overlap both ends) | 203 |
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